Families and Households- Demography

Question 1

What is demography?

Answer 1

The study of statistics that measure the size and growth of a population

Question 2

What does immigration cause?

Answer 2

Population to increase

Question 3

What does emigration cause?

Answer 3

Population to decrease

Question 4

What has been the trend in the birth rate since the early 20th century?

Answer 4

Fallen

Question 5

When were the ‘baby booms’?

Answer 5

After world war 1 and 2, and in the 1960s

Question 6

What is the total fertility rate?

Answer 6

The average number of children a woman would have if she followed the current fertility rates throughout her life

Question 7

What has been the general trend in total fertility rate since the early 20th century?

Answer 7

Decreased

Question 8

What was the TFR in 2014?

Answer 8

1.83 children per woman

Question 9

What was the average number of dependent children per family in 2011?

Answer 9

1.7 compared to 2.0 in 1971

Question 10

How have childbearing trends changed in recent decades?

Answer 10

• People are having fewer children

- Women are having children later

Question 11

What was the average age of a woman at the birth of her first child in 2013?

Answer 11

28 compared to 24 in 1971

Question 12

How have social roles influenced childbearing patterns?

Answer 12

Contraception is more available and women’s roles are changing

Question 13

Why may couples not want to have children or put off having children until later in life?

Answer 13

Children are expensive and time-consuming so couples may want to spend their money in other ways, women now want to have a career before having children

Question 14

What is the infant mortality rate?

Answer 14

Number of deaths of children aged 0 to 1 per 1000 live births per year

Question 15

What has happened to IMR in the 20th century?

Answer 15

It has improved

Question 16

How have medical advancements help reduce the death rate?

Answer 16

Introduction of vaccines, blood transfusions, antibiotics, and better care for pregnant women

Question 17

How did the government improve public health?

Answer 17

By regulating food and drinking-water quality and enforcing laws to improve cleanliness, they also improved public health awareness of how infections are transmitted

Question 18

What is life expectancy?

Answer 18

The average length of time a person is expected to live

Question 19

What is the ageing population?

Answer 19

A population ages when the number and proportion of older people increases which causes the median age of the population to increase

Question 20

Why does the UK have an ageing population?

Answer 20

Improvement in mortality rates and increasing life expectancy

Question 21

What is the burden of care?

Answer 21

Society has a responsibility to care for the vulnerable

Question 22

What is the dependency ratio?

Answer 22

The number of people who are not of working age, compared to the number of working-age people who can support them

Question 23

What’s net migration?

Answer 23

The number of people moving into a country minus the number moving away

Question 24

How has increasing net migration affected the structure of families?

Answer 24

• Impact of low fertility rates is outweighed by the impact of net migration
• Migrants decrease average age of a country
• Increase number of multi-family households

Question 25

When does globalisation happen?

Answer 25

When nations become more connected and barriers separating societies are broken down

Question 26

What does globalisation lead to?

Answer 26

More international migration and more diverse reasons for migration

Question 27

How has globalisation made the UK more ethnically diverse?

Answer 27

Migrants have brought different cultures and religions to the UK to create a multicultural society