Failure of Weimar Germany + Rise of Nazis

Question 1

Set up under Weimar republic

Answer 1

Republic
Reichstag & Reinchsrat
Article 48 Presidential emergency powers

Question 2

Dolestoß

Answer 2

Stab in the back, German’s though they should have won

Question 3

Treaty of Versaille

Answer 3

Lost all colonies - Polish corridor
Army reduced to defence only
Guilt clause => reparations

Question 4

Diktat

Answer 4

Reparation bill design to keep Germany week - dictated peace

Question 5

Threat of Revolution - Why?

Answer 5

Kaiser’s abdication => new political groups forming provisional govs

Question 6

Post war economy

Answer 6

War debt + inflation = disaster
1920 £1 = 340 m
1922 £1 = 39,000

Question 7

Ruhr occupation

Answer 7

When Germany couldn’t pay rep, France + Belgium demanded rep in raw materials. Occupied industrial Ruhr in Jan 1923

Question 8

Hyperinflation

Answer 8

Weimar printed more money - decreased value -hyperinflation - £1= 4.5 mill m by Aug 1923

Question 9

Stresseman era

Answer 9

Gustag Stresseman became new chancellor, got France to retreat with promise of rep, replaced currency with rentenmark ending hyperinflation.
Golden era - payment extension, reps reduced, no coups until Wall street (3 weeks after Stressemans death)

Question 10

Dawes plan

Answer 10

End to occupation, more reparation time, 800 mill loan from US, output doubled, but relied on loans

Question 11

Locarno pact

Answer 11

Germany agreed to boarders if Polish corridor revisited in the future. Joined League of Nations

Question 12

Young Plan

Answer 12

Reps reduced + payment extension, Could defer up to ⅔ payment per year

Question 13

Rise of Nazis - disrespect for Democracy

Answer 13

Chaos returned with Great depression, no one respected Democracy after Article 48 used to let Bruning cut wages + jump taxes

Question 14

New parties

Answer 14

New parties (communists + Nazis) got support. Weimar worried about small anti semetic partie DAP, so they sent Hitler to spy

Question 15

Hitler joins DAP

Answer 15

Hitler goes to DAP meetings as a spy, impresses Alex Drexler + took charge of propaganda

Question 16

DAP 25 point plan

Answer 16

No immigration or jews with german citizenship
Unification of German speaking countries

Question 17

Hitler changes DAP name

Answer 17

National Socialist Workers Party - working class support

Question 18

Hitler takes charge of Nazis

Answer 18

1921 Hitler becomes leader, support of ex soldiers including enrst Rohm

Question 19

Beer Hall Putsch - cause

Answer 19

Stratskommissar banned political rallies + shut down the Nazi’s newpaper. Hitler took inspo from Mussolini, but rushed it

Question 20

Hitler’s newpaper

Answer 20

Völkischer Beobachter

Question 21

Beer Hall Putsch

Answer 21

8th Nov 2,000 armed Nazis marched into centre of Munich. 16 killed, rest went to jail + tried for treason

Question 22

Nazi ban lifted in Bravaria in…

Answer 22

1925

Question 23

Hitler became overall Nazi leader…

Answer 23

1926

Question 24

Wall street crash - Hitler’s political ascension

Answer 24

Great depression + Bunning the hunger chancelllor = no respect for democracy - anti dem parties get popular. Hitler runs for pres, but beaten by Hindenburg. Cue instability -> Hitler demands chancellor as Nazis had best polls. Von Papen convinced Hindenburg for Hitler

Question 25

When did hitler become chancellor

Answer 25

30th Jan 1933

Question 26

Reichstag fire

Answer 26

Dutch commmunist Marinus van der Lubbe set Reichstag on fire. Perfect excuse for a communist crackdown

Question 27

Enabling act

Answer 27

Rule by decree. SA didn’t let Communists in + intimidated everyone else. This declared Germany in a state of emergency - all other parties banned by end of July

Question 28

Opposition to be a dictator

Answer 28

Hindenburg still alive
Ernst Rohm pissed off the Wehrmacht
Still had vocal critics

Question 29

Night of Long Knives

Answer 29

Night of June 30th/ July 1st, 400 rivals + foes killed by SS & SA including Rohm

Question 30

Fuhrer

Answer 30

Hindenburg dies in Aug of 1934. Hitler combines pres & chancellor