Facts For Exam

Question 1

Kepplers laws

Answer 1

Elliptical orbits - earth is at 1 foci

Equal areas are swept in equal time

Question 2

Semi minor/major axis

Answer 2

Minor = 6357km

Major = 6378km

Question 3

Latitude of Capricorn

Answer 3

23.5 south

Cancer 23.5N

Question 4

Arctic/ Antarctic circle

Answer 4

66 33N/S

Question 5

Angle of inclination

Answer 5

23.5

Question 6

Aphelion

Answer 6

3 July

Question 7

Perihelion

Answer 7

3 Jan

Question 8

Summer/winter solstice

Answer 8

Summer - 21 June

Winter - 21 December

Question 9

Equinoxes

Answer 9

Spring - 21 march

Autumn - 21 September

Question 10

Leap years

Answer 10

1 every 4 years

Skip one 3 times in 4 centuries

Question 11

Max rate of change of equinoxes

Answer 11

3mins per day

Question 12

Analemma

Answer 12

Apparent sun

Question 13

Sunrise

Answer 13

Upper limb breaks the horizon

Question 14

Sunset

Answer 14

Upper limb drops below the horizon

Question 15

Dusk/dawn

Answer 15

Centre of the sun 6 degrees below the horizon

Question 16

Direct Mercator

Answer 16

Conformal 
Scale expands from equator 
No chart convergence 
Rhumb lines are straight 
GC are concave to the equator

Question 17

Lamberts conformal

Answer 17

Conformal
Scale decreases inside the standard of parallels
Scale increases outside the standard of parallels
Rhumb lines are concave to the pole
GC are straight - sort of concave to the PO
Convergence = sinPO

Question 18

Polar stereographic

Answer 18

Conformal 
Convergence = CHlong 
Scale expands away from the pole 
GC are straight lines 
Rhumb lines are curved lines in concentric (ellipses) circles