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FINALS > Facts > Flashcards

Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Antibodies for lambert eaton

A

Voltage gated calcium channel

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2
Q

Treatment of stress incontinence

A

Duloxetine

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3
Q

Treatment of urge incontinence

A

Oxybutinin

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4
Q

Second line treatment of cellulitis

A

Erythromycin

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5
Q

Rheumatoid in pregnancy treatment

A

Hydroxycholorquine

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6
Q

Requirements when carrying out MCA

A 
Assume they have capacity
Take all steps to help them
Must act in best interests
Take least restrictive option
Unwise decision does not mean lacks capacity
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7
Q

1st line for mild-moderate depression

A

Watchful wait for 2 weeks

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8
Q

2nd line for mild-moderate depression

A

IAPT, computerised CBT

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9
Q

1st line treatment for severe depression and what to consider

A

SSRIs, suicide risk assessment

Continue for 6 months after end of symptoms or 2 years if recurrence

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10
Q

Treatment of life threatening depression/ psychosis

A

ECT

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11
Q

1st line for anxiety

A

Psychoeducation

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12
Q

2nd line for anxiety

A

IAPT

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13
Q

3rd line for anxiety

A

CBT or SSRI

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14
Q

Signs of sepsis

A 
Altered mental state
RR over 25
Need more than 40% Oxygen
HR over 130
SBP under 90
Urine output under 0.5ml/kg/hr
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15
Q

Treatment of wernickes

A

2 pairs of pabrinex TDS for 5 days then long term thiamine

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16
Q

Treatment of hypo when cant swallow

A

100ml 10% dextrose or 1mg IM Glucagon (if no IV access)

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17
Q

Treatment of hypo when they can swallow

A

Glucogel repeatedly until BM over 4 then toast

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18
Q

Brown sequard symptoms

A

Ipsi pain temperature weakness

Contra pain and temperature

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19
Q

Anterior spinal artery syndrome

A

Bilateral loss

But preserved vibration and proprioception

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20
Q

What defines as shock in a child and what would you give

A

Loss of 10% of body weight

10ml/kg of 0.9% NaCl STAT

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21
Q

Joint pain after tonsilitis

A

Rheumatic fever
S pyogenes
NSAID and Abx

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22
Q

Treatment of PDA

A

Indomethacin (NSAID)

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23
Q

Transposition of great arteries

A

Presents on day 2, give prostaglandin

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24
Q

Steps of tetralogy of fallot

A

Pulmonary stenosis
VSD
Overriding aorta
RV hypertrophy

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25
Q

Symptoms of coarctation

A

Right arm hypertension
Ejection systolic LSE
Symptoms worsen with age

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26
Q

Sore throat, lymphadenopathy, pyrexia

A

EBV
Monospot and FBC
Tx: supportive, no rugby for 8 weeks

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27
Q

Dengue

A

Aedes aegypti mosquito
Retroorbital pain, muscle ahce, rash
Viral nucliec acid test
Tx: supportive

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28
Q

Yellow fever

A

Fever and rigors goes to jaundice

Inclusion bodies

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29
Q

Typhoid

A

Salmonella typhi
Bradycardia and rose spots
Ceftriaxone

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30
Q

Investigation of amaurosis fugax

A

ECG, CT, Echo, Carotid doppler

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31
Q

Diagnosis of T2DM

A

HbA1c over 48, fasting blood sugar over 7

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32
Q

1st line for T2DM

A

DESMOND and diet and exercise

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33
Q

2nd line for T2DM and when you do it

A

Metformin when HbA1c over 48 still

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34
Q

3rd line for T2DM and when you do it

A

Gliclazide if not fat
Pioglitazone
(insulin after 3 oral hypoglycaemics)

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35
Q

Annual diabetes review

A

Fundoscopy
Albumin creatinine ratio, eGFR
Podiatry
CV risk review

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36
Q

Haematinics in IDA

A

Low ferritin
Raised TIBC
Low transferrin

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37
Q

Anaemia, raised iron, ring form erythroblasts

A

Sideroblastic anaemia

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38
Q

What do you need if youre IDA and 60

A

2 week wait colonoscopy

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39
Q

What do you need if youre IDA and 50

A

Rectal bleeding

Then 2WW

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40
Q

What do you need if youre IDA and 40

A

Rectal bleeding, weight loss, abdo pain

Then 2WW

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41
Q

What investigation do you get if youre IDA and 50 but not rectal bleeding

A

FOB test

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42
Q

Dyspepsia and IDA

A

2WW UGI

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43
Q

Question to ask in tonsilitis

A

Can they tolerate fluids?

Can go home with PO Abx if they can

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44
Q

Treatment of FeverPAIN 4+

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin for 5 days

Clari if pen allergic

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45
Q

Signs and treatment of moderate tonsilitis

A

unable to swallow, hot potato voice
IV Abx, IV dexamethaosne
Observe for 3 hours

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46
Q

Signs and treatment of severe tonsilitis

A

Stridor or lockjaw

High flow O2, adrenaline nebs, IV Dex and Abx

47
Q

How long do you replace iron for

A

Until normal haemoglobin then 3 more months to replenish stores

48
Q

Secondary causes of increased platelets

A

Bleeding, inflammation, cancer

49
Q

Do folate and b12 deficiency affect platelets and wbc?

A

Yes cause all three to be low

50
Q

Painless genital ulcer

A

Syphilis

Lymphogranuloma venereum

51
Q

VDRL

A

Test for syphilis

52
Q

EIA

A

Test for latent syphilis

53
Q

How to treat neurosyphilis

A

IV BenPen

54
Q

How to treat normal syphilis

A

IM Benzathine benzylpenicillin

55
Q

Dark field microscopy from the lesion

A

Used for syphilis lesion

56
Q

Painful ulcer and lymphadenopathy

A

Chancroid

57
Q

When do you admit for UC

A

Severe

58
Q

Signs of severe UC

A 
More than 6 stools
Frank blood
Fever
HR >90
Anaemia
ESR over 30
59
Q

Treatment of severe UC

A
  1. IV hydrocortisone
    72 hours later
  2. IV ciclosporin and surgical input
  3. Infliximab
60
Q

Treatment of non severe UC

A 
Topical Mesalazine
4 weeks
Topical and oral Mesalazine
Then
Oral prednisolone
61
Q

What type of drug is mesalazine

A

Aminosalicylate

62
Q

Test done on admission for UC

A

CXR and interferon gamma assay to allow inflimab if needed

63
Q

Treatment of toxic megacolon

A

ABCDE IV hydrocortisone, Infliximab, surgical opinion

64
Q

What causes toxic megacolon

A

C difficile or UC

65
Q

Risk of perforation

A

3cm SBO, 6cm LBO, 9cm Caecum

66
Q

UC histology

A

Crypt abscesses
Decreased goblet cells
Neutrophil infiltration

67
Q

Crohns histology

A

Graunloma

Increased goblet cells

68
Q

Endoscopic appearance of Crohns

A

Cobblestone

69
Q

Endoscopic apppearance of UC

A

Pseudopolyps

70
Q

AEIOU Renal replacement

A 
Acidosis 7.2
Electrolyte: refractory hyperkalaemia
inTOXICations
Oedema pulmonary
Uraemia
71
Q

ACR less than 3

A

A1

72
Q

ACR 3-30

A

A2

73
Q

ACR over 30

A

A3

74
Q

CKD complications

A 
Anaemia
Renal Osteodystrophy
AKI
Fluid overload
Hyperkalaemia
75
Q

What can cause pericarditis in CKD

A

Uraemia

76
Q

Where does skin cancer met to

A

Lymph
Liver
Lung

77
Q

What type of excision is used for BCC

A

Mohs

78
Q

How do you treat unresectable skin cancer

A

Radiotherapy

79
Q

Treatment of seborrheic keratosis

A

Cryotherapy

80
Q

Investigation of cellulitis

A

Blood cultures

Bacterial wound swabs

81
Q

Skin biopsy= sezary cells

A

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma

82
Q

Steroid for alopecia

A

Dermovate

83
Q

First line treatment of acne

A

Tretinoin

84
Q

Triad of symptoms in serotonin syndrome

A

Neuromuscular excitation
Autonomic effects
Altered mental state

85
Q

Antisocail PD

A

Psychopath

86
Q

What drug do you give with lorazepam 0.5mg in rapid tranquilisation

A

Promethazine

87
Q

Treatment of acute dystonic reaction

A

IM procyclidine

88
Q

How long does section 3 last

A

6 months

89
Q

Which section is removal from home

A

135

90
Q

Which section is removal from public place

A

136

91
Q

3 elecrolytes raised in refeeding syndrome

A

Pottasium
Phosphate
Magnesium

92
Q

Signs and symptoms of eating disorders

A 
Long QT and heart block
Lanugo hair
Constipation
Russels sign
Parotid hypertrophy
Arrythmias
93
Q

First line investigation for autism

A

Childhood Autism Screening Tool

94
Q

Diagnostic investigation for autism

A

Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised

95
Q

Name 4 sexual therapies

A

CBT
Integrative
Systemic
Psychodynamic

96
Q

Name two female sexual disorders

A

Female orgasmic disorder

Female arousal disorder

97
Q

Treatment of chlamydia

A

Doxycylcline BD for 7 days

98
Q

Treatment of LGV

A

Doxycycline

99
Q

Organism which causes BV

A

Gardrenella Vaginalis

100
Q

Investigation for trichomonas vaginalis

A

Wet mount microscopy (of strawberry cervix)

101
Q

Three screening tools for alcoholism

A

CAGE
AUDIT
FAST

102
Q

Treatment of Rona

A 
Titrate oxygen aiming 92-96
IV dexamethasone
Add on calcitonin, continue abx till thats back
Blood cultures
Needs an escalation plan
103
Q

COPD exacerbation

A

Salbutamol and ipratropium nebulisers
Prednisolone 30mg PO
Consider antibiotics, consider NIV

104
Q

Management of HAP in STH

A

Doxycycline

105
Q

Causes of high blood sugar

A 
Steroids
Missed insulin dose
Alcohol
High sugar intake
Acute illness
Sepsis
Surgery
106
Q

Causes of low blood sugar

A 
Alcohol
Insulin
abrupt steroid withdrawal
malnutrition
malabsorption
liver failure
Sepsis
addisons
Insulinoma
107
Q

What fluid for hypoglycaemia

A

100ml of 20% glucose over 15 minutes

Long term 100ml of 10%/hr

108
Q

Signs of fluid status

A 
BP
HR
Cap refill time
Skin turgor
Mouth
Sunken eyes
JVP
Oedema
Peripheral temperature
109
Q

How much sodium and chloride is in 0.9% NaCl

A

154

110
Q

Requirments for water each day

A

25-30ml/kg

111
Q

Requirements for electrolytes each day (Na, K and Cl)

A

1mmol/kg/day

112
Q

Requirements for glucose each day

A

50-100g/day

113
Q

When to give dextrose

A

If they have already had their Na and Cl for the day

114
Q

What are you aiming for for fall of sodium in hypernatraemia

A

10 per 24hr

FINALS (8 decks)

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