Factors Affecting Prejudice - Situation and Culture

Question 1

Situational factors affecting prejudice

Answer 1

Social normsCompetition and resource stress

Question 2

Social norms

Answer 2

SIT (follow in-group norms to avoid rejection and lower self esteem)Cantril - group identity central formation of prejudice, are increase group frame of referenceMinard - white black miners friendly below ground, but negative views above ground (depends if they identify with miners or race group)

Question 3

Competition and resource sress

Answer 3

RCT (compete for limited resources)Esses -> resource stress occurs when people believe commodities are limitedPrejudice arises if in-group members see themselves in direct competition. Heightened if situation is seen as zero-sum

Question 4

Culture factors affecting prejudice

Answer 4

The norm of intoleranceThe norm of fairness

Question 5

The norm of intolerance

Answer 5

Promotes prejudice and discriminationBaldwin suggests all cultured are ethnocentric to some extentBenevolent intolerance - ingroups behave positively towards outgroups to support lower status but still prejudiceSome cultures accept and encourage outward expression of -rejudice

Question 6

The norm of fairness

Answer 6

Can reduce prejudice and discriminationSome cultures concerned with fairness over competitionWetherell replicated Tajfel’s minimal group experiment - immigrant Polynesian children more generous than white classmates

Question 7

Situation strength

Answer 7

Akrami et alManipulated social normsSome participants heard confederate express that discrimination of women is no longer a problem in SwedenSexism levels lower for group who heard this than those who did not

Question 8

CA of strength in situation

Answer 8

Although mean levels of prejudice differed between experimental and control groupsAkrami report that personality variables has influence

Question 9

Situation application

Answer 9

Essess suggest targeting zero-sum beliefs that lead to prejudice against immigrants have effective strategyHigh SDO participants created negative attitudes

Question 10

Culture strength

Answer 10

OrpenFound Fscale scores were not significantly correlated with prejudice in group of white south african participantsMeasures of social conformity, susceptibility to cultural pressure and adherence to cultural norms correlated significantly with prejudice to black south africansConformity to cultural norms may be critical determinant of intolerant attitudes towards specific outgroups

Question 11

CA of culture

Answer 11

Participants were 16 year old school childrenHave stronger desire to fit in with social group