Fact Test 1: Background Flashcards
When did Nicholas become Tsar?
1894
Who was Nicholas married to?
The German princess Alexandria
What was the official religion of Russia
Russian Orthodox
Who had been Nicholas’ tutor?
Konstantin Pobedonostev or the ‘Grand Inquisitor’
What was the population of Russia?
160 million
What percentage of the Russian population were peasants?
80%
Were trade unions legal?
Yes - after 1905 they were heavily repressed
What percentage of the Russian population were aristocracy?
1%
How did the revolutionaries described the middle class?
Capitalists or Bourgeoisie
Who were the two most important politicians before 1914?
Sergie Witte (Minister of Finance) and Pyotr Stolypin (Commission of Agriculture)
Which areas of the economy did Witte neglect?
Light engineering and agriculture
Which revolutionary group followed the teachings of Marx and were formed in 1898?
Social Democrats
Which two groups did the Social Democrats split into?
Bolsheviks and Mensheviks
Who led the Bolsheviks?
Lenin
Who led the Mensheviks?
Martov - although Trotsky played a leading role
Who did Russia lose a war to in 1905?
Japan
What political institution did the Tsar set up to end the 1905 revolution?
A duma
Who became Prime Minister in 1906?
Stolypin
What was another name for the Prime Minister’s gallows?
Stolypin’s necktie
Where was the serious 1912 strike?
Lena goldfields in Siberia
What was the Tsar’s secret police called?
The Okhrana
What was a ‘rich’ peasant called?
Kulak
How many Dumas were there between 1905 and 1912?
4
