Facilitating Change

Question 1

What are 5 assumptions of motivational interviewing?

Answer 1

○ Motivation is a state not a trait
○ Resistance is not a force we must overcome
○ Ambivalence is normal
○ Person seeking help should be an ally rather than an adversary
○ Recovery and change are innate, constant and
○ Intrinsic to the human experience

Question 2

What is the central role of ambivalence in the client?

Answer 2

If the therapist takes the “stop using” stance, this forces clients into the “keep using” position and they then argue from this perspective
- Reinforces reasons for continuing

Question 3

What is the Stages of Change Transtheoretical Model?

Answer 3

Process of changing addictive behaviours happens via a series of stages from pre-contemplation to maintenance

Question 4

What are the stages of the Change Transtheoretical Model?

Answer 4

Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, relapse and termination

Question 5

What is the prevalence of relapse?

Answer 5

• common occurance
• majority relapse within 12 months of treatment with only a brief return to ue
• a lot of clients will return to old habits within 12 months

Question 6

What are the Stages of Change Spiral?

Answer 6

• Each time a relapse occurs they are learning more about themselves and triggers for relapse
• most return to contemplation after relapse

Question 7

How are matching interventions to the stages of change done?

Answer 7

• Precontemplation and contemplation = experiential, cognitive, and psychoanalytic approaches
• Action and Maintenance = Existential and behavioural approaches most useful

Question 8

Why is Motivational Interviewing an important therapeutic intervention?

Answer 8

it facilitates movement through contemplation to preparation (utilises the change processes of self-re-evaluation and emotional arousal)

Question 9

What is Motivational Interviewing?

Answer 9

“A directive, client-centred approach for initiating behaviour change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence.” (Rollnick and Miller, 1995)

Question 10

What does PACE mean in the spirit of Motivational Interviewing?

Answer 10

Partnership
Acceptance
Compassion
Evocation

Question 11

What are the 4 processes of Motivational Interviewing?

Answer 11

1. Engaging
2. Focussing
3. Evoking
4. Planning

Question 12

What counselling micro-skills are utilised in Motivational Interviewing?

(OARS)

Answer 12

O – Open-ended questions to allow exploration
A- Affirming. Watch for and affirm client’s strengths
R- Reflecting your understanding back to the client
S- Summarise

Question 13

What are the four types of preparatory change talk associated with the evoking process in Motivational Interviewing?

(DARN)

Answer 13

Desire
Ability
Reasons
Need

Question 14

Mobilizing change talk signifies movement in the direction of change, what is the CAT acronym mean in relation to the evoking process in Motivational Interviewing?

Answer 14

Commitment
Activation
Taking steps

Question 15

In Assessing Change using Motivational Interviewing what ratings are important?

Answer 15

importance (how much change matters to you)
confidence (how strongly you believe you can change)
readiness (how ready you feel to make the changes you desire)

Question 16

What are some critiques of Motivational Interviewing?

Answer 16

• Causal process remains unclear
• Confusion with Trans-theoretical model
• Not stand alone intervention, useful as adjunct to more intensive treatment