facial plastic surgery Flashcards
when is an otoplasty usually carried out?
as a child, considered from age 6
what is involved in the assessment for surgery?
123 technique
1cm from the most superior point of the pinna to the mastoid
2cm from Frankfort (top of tragus) posterior part of pinna to mastoid
30 degrees mastoid and helix
what are the common problems with ears?
Underdeveloped antihelical fold
Prominent concha
Protruding lobe
what is the most common technique used in an otoplasty?
mustarde suturing/anterior scoring
Methyline blue to mark area
Post auricular and ellipse of skin taken
Horizontal matrress sutures
what causes aging?
Intrinsic - genetically determined pace, build up of damaging products and increasing biological aging of the cells.
Oestrogen levels influence skin integrity
Extrinsic insults from the environment add to the dermatological signs of aging
what happens to our skin as we age?
The skin thins progressively over adult life at an accelerating rate. Thickness decreases about 6.4% per decade.
Melanocytes decrease at a rate of 8% to 20% per decade, resulting in uneven pigmentation in elderly skin
The skin is flattens at the dermo-epidermal junction by more than a third
Decrease in collagen turnover as well as elastin
Volume of subcutaneous fat typically diminishes with age
Fat distribution changes as well
Decreases in the face, hands, and feet
Relative increase in the thighs, waist, and abdomen.
what can be done to reduce the effects of aging?
Botulinum toxin
Fillers
Blepharoplasty
Skin rejuvenation
Face lift
what is a blephroplasty?
is an operation to reshape the eyelids.
how is a blephroplasty carried out?
Incision in the creases of the upper lids and just below the lashes in the lower.
Through these incisions, extra fat, excess skin and sagging muscle are removed.
what are the limitations to a skin graft?
It can’t go onto bone or tendon directly. Contracts and colour match not good with loss of volume
