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cranial nerves > Facial nerve > Flashcards

Facial nerve Flashcards

1
Q

nuclei of the facial nerve

A
  • facial nerve nucleus
  • superior salivary nucleus
  • solitary tract nucleus
  • spinal trigeminal nucleus
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2
Q

location and function of facial nerve nucleus

A
  • lower part of pons

- special visceromotor (2nd branchial arch muscles)

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3
Q

location and function of superior salivary nucleus

A
  • pons above junction with medulla

- parasympathetic preganglionic fibers

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4
Q

location and function of solitary tract nucleus

A
  • medulla elongated coloumn deep in reticular formation

- tast special vescerosensory

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5
Q

location and function of spinal trigeminal nucleus

A
  • extends down from the principal nucleus down into medulla until c1-c2 segments of spinal cord
  • protpathic sensibility general somatosensory
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6
Q

information of facial nerve nucleus and it’s fibers

A

it’s motor fibers originate from the large multipoal neurons in nucleus of facial nerve and go around the nucleus of the abducent nerve forming the internal genu of facial nerve

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7
Q

information of the taste and visceroefferent fibers of superior salivary nucleus and solitary tract nucleus

A

the tast and GVM do not go around the nucleus of abducent, instead they emerge as seperate intermediate nerve accompanying the facial nerve into the internal acoustic meatus

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8
Q

the general somatosensory fibers of the spinal trigeminal nucleus

A

are sensory auricular branches of facial nerve for the innervation of a small part of the tympanic membrance 1/3 and external acoustic meatus that join the auricular branches of vagus nerve

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9
Q

brain exit of facial nerve

A

cerbello-potine angle

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10
Q

subarachnoidal course of facial nerve

A

lateral potine cistern

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11
Q

dura penetration of facial nerve

A

the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus

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12
Q

skull exit of facial nerve

A
  • fundus of internal acoustic meatus
  • facial canal
  • style mastoid foramen
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13
Q

information of the geniculate ganglia

A
  • ggl of the intermediate fibers carried by the facial nerve
  • within the facial canal of the genu of the canal
  • contains cell bodies of sensory neurons innervating the teaste buds on the ant. 2/3 of the tongue and the external ear 2/3
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14
Q

pathway of the facial nerve

A
  • lateral end of the internal acoustic meatus, nerve passes superiorly at the transverse crest
  • the labrynthine segments of facial nerve begins
  • nerve travels ant. until the geniculate ggl bending as the 1st external genu of facial nerve
  • becomes the tympanic segment continues in the medial wall of tympanic cavitysup. to oval window
  • then bends again around the oval window as the 2nd external genu
  • turns caudually as the mastoid segment towards the style mastord foramen
  • nerve exits the skull and ramifies into terminal branches within the parotid gland (parotid plexus)
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15
Q

branches of the facial nerve

A
  • intra cranial braches
  • greater petrosal nerve
  • sensory auricular branch of facial nerve
  • chorda tympani nerve
  • stapedial nerve
  • extra cranial branches
  • posterior auricular nerve
  • branches for the posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles
  • parotid plexus
  • > zygomatic branches
  • > buccal branches
  • > marginal mandibular branches
  • > cervical branch
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16
Q

greaer petrosal nerve

A

branch from the genu of facial nerve (preggl parasym fibers from sup. salivary nucleus)
exits via the hiatus of facial cannal runs in a groove on ant surface of petrous part of temporal bone beside foramen lacerum
-joins deep petrosal
forms the nerve of pterygoid canal (vidian nerve)
-passes through the pterygoid canal to reach the pterygopalatine ggl

17
Q

sensory auricular branch of facial nerve

A

innervate the external acoustic meatus and 1/3 of tympanic membrance after meeting with auricular branch of vagus nerve to form arnold’s nerve

18
Q

chorda tympani nerve

A

given off in the facial canal though the post. canaliculus of the chorda tympani into the tympanic cavity

  • crosses over tympanic membrance and handle of malleus
  • passes out through the anterior canaliculus of the chorda tympani in the petrotympanic fissure to join the lingual branch of the mandibular nerve in the infratemporal fossa
  • carries taste sensation from the ant 2/3 of tonigue and carries parasym pre ggls fibers to submandibular ggl (for inn. of the submandibular and sub lingual salivary glands)
19
Q

stapedial nerve

A

provides motor innervation for stapedium muscle in middle ear
passes through a small canal in pyrimdal eminence to reach the muscle

20
Q

posterior auricular nerve

A

exits facial canal goes though stylomastoid foramen

  • enters parotid gland
  • supplies peri auricular muscles and has an occipital branch for occipital belly of occipitifrontalis muscle
21
Q

parotid plexus

A

main trunk of facial nerve ramifies within the parotid gland forming the intraparotid plexus, which branches for the facial muscles are given:

22
Q

temporal frontal branches

A

inn the sup. portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle and other musles of facial expression above the eye

  • frontalis
  • corrugator supercili
  • auricularis anterior
23
Q

zygomatic branches

A

crosses upper cheek to lateral angle of the orbit to supply orbicularis oculi muscle

24
Q

buccal branches

A

motor branches of the facial nerve distributed to buccina or muscles and other muscles of facial expression below orbit and above chin

  • risorius
  • buccinator
  • levator labii superioris
  • levator labi alaque nai
  • levator anguli oris
  • nasalis
25
Q

marginal mandibular branches

A

parrals the mandibular margin innervating risorius muscle and muscles of lower lip and chin

26
Q

cervical branch

A

most inferior branch of the parotid plexus of the facial nerve
descends to inn. platysma muscle

27
Q

superficial cervical ansa (moto-sensory ansa)

A

formed by the anasatomosis between the cervical motor branch of the facial nerve and the sensory transverse cervical nerve over the platysma

cranial nerves (11 decks)

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