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PA-CAT Anatomy > Facial Mastication Muscles > Flashcards

Facial Mastication Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are sphincters?

A

circular muscles whose contraction closes and opens

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2
Q

Where are sphincters found?

A
  1. GI system
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3
Q

What are dilators?

A

muscles that are positioned radially towards an opening and contraction of dilator muscles opens the passageway

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4
Q

What are the three main groups in the muscles of facial expression?

A
  1. Orbital group
  2. Nasal group
  3. Oral group
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5
Q

What is the difference between the muscles of facial expression vs the muscles of mastication?

A

Muscles of Facial Expression- insert into the skin

Muscles of Mastication- insert on the mandible

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6
Q

The muscles of facial expression are supplied by which nerve?

A

cranial nerve 7

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7
Q

The three groups of facial expressions share the same embryonic origin which is what?

A

second pharyngeal arch

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8
Q

The sensation of the face is innervated by which nerve?

A

cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal nerve)

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9
Q

Cranial nerve 5 supplies what?

A
  1. Sensation on the face
  2. muscle mastication
  3. tensor muscle of the tympanic membrane of the ear
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10
Q

Cranial nerve 7 supplies facial expression as well as what?

A

the tongue

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11
Q

What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  1. Ophthalamic
  2. Maxillary
  3. Mandibular
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12
Q

This division of the trigeminal nerve is the only one that has a motor component.

A

Mandibular

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13
Q

How does the trigeminal nerve arise?

A

from the pons of the brainstem

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14
Q

The trigeminal nerves travel through

A

the facial canal to the temporal bone

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15
Q

Bells palsy causes what symptoms?

A
  1. twitching
  2. Weakness
  3. complete inability to move one half of the face
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16
Q

What is orbicularis oculi?

A

circular muscle group surrounding the eye

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17
Q

Where does the orbicularis oculi originate?

A

medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament, and the lacrimal bone.
It then inserts into the skin around the margin of the orbit and the superior-inferior tarsal plates.

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18
Q

What are the three parts of the orbicularis oculi?

A
  1. Palpebral Oculi
  2. Lacrimal Orbicularis
  3. Orbital Orbicularis
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19
Q

What is the function of the palpebral oculi?

A

closes the eyelids and is responsible for the spontaneous blink

20
Q

What is the function of the lacrimal orbicularis?

A

facilitates the drainage of tears

21
Q

What is the function of the orbital orbicularis?

A

closes the eyes tightly

22
Q

What is the most affected muscle in myasthenia gravis?

A

orbicularis oculi

23
Q

Where is the corrugator supercilii located?

A

medial end of the eyebrow just above the orbicularis oculi muscle

24
Q

The corrugator originates where?

A

superciliary arch and inserts deep into the skin of the eyebrow

25
Q

What is the function of the corrugator supercilli?

A

Responsible for drawing the eyebrow down medially

26
Q

What nerve is affected when you are constantly frowning?

A

supression of supratrochlear nerve

27
Q

What is the largest of the nasal groups?

A

nasalis transverse

28
Q

What are the three nasal groups?

A
  1. nasalis transverse

2.

29
Q

Which nerve is injected for botox?

A

supratrochlear nerve

30
Q

The nasalis transverse is composed of two parts. What are they?

A
  1. transverse part
31
Q

The transverse part of the nasalis arises from where?

A

the maxilla and attaches to aponeurosis across the dorsum of the nose

32
Q

What is the transverse part of the nasalis responsible for?

A

compressing the nostrils

33
Q

The alar part of the nasalis arises from where?

A

the maxilla and inserts into the great alar cartilage. The alar part flares the nostrils

34
Q

This is the most superior of the nasal group?

A

procerus

35
Q

Where does the procerus of the nasal group arise from?

A

arises from the fascia covering the lower part of the nasal bone and the upper part of the lateral nasal cartilage.

36
Q

Where is the procerus inserted?

A

in between the eyebrows

37
Q

What is the function of the procerus?

A

helps pull the skin between the eyebrows downward and aids in the flaring of the nostrils

38
Q

Where does the depressor nasi septi arise from?

A

incisive vasa of the maxilla

39
Q

Where is the nasi septi inserted?

A

into the nasal septum and part of the nasalis alar. compressor of the asar pulls the tip of the nose downward and compresses the aperture of the nostrils.

40
Q

Which part is cut by surgeons to help the droopy part of the nose?

A

depressor nasi septi

41
Q

Where does the buccinator originate?

A

maxilla and mandible

42
Q

The buccinator inserts where?

A

orbicular oris muscle

43
Q

What is the function of the buccinator?

A
  1. mastication
  2. blowing
  3. suckling (neonates)
44
Q

What are the upper group oral muscles?

A
  1. Risorius
  2. Zygomaticus Major
  3. Zygomaticus Minor
  4. Levator Labil Superioris
  5. Levator Labil Superioris
  6. Levator Anguli Oris
45
Q

What are the lower group oral muscles?

A
  1. Depressor Anguli Oris
  2. Depressor Labil Inferiors
  3. Mentalis
46
Q

Name the muscles of mastication.

A
  1. Masseter
  2. Temporalis
  3. Medial Pterygoid
  4. Lateral Pterygoid

PA-CAT Anatomy (11 decks)

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