Facial Mastication Muscles

Question 1

What are sphincters?

Answer 1

circular muscles whose contraction closes and opens

Question 2

Where are sphincters found?

Answer 2

1. GI system

Question 3

What are dilators?

Answer 3

muscles that are positioned radially towards an opening and contraction of dilator muscles opens the passageway

Question 4

What are the three main groups in the muscles of facial expression?

Answer 4

1. Orbital group
2. Nasal group
3. Oral group

Question 5

What is the difference between the muscles of facial expression vs the muscles of mastication?

Answer 5

Muscles of Facial Expression- insert into the skin

Muscles of Mastication- insert on the mandible

Question 6

The muscles of facial expression are supplied by which nerve?

Answer 6

cranial nerve 7

Question 7

The three groups of facial expressions share the same embryonic origin which is what?

Answer 7

second pharyngeal arch

Question 8

The sensation of the face is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 8

cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal nerve)

Question 9

Cranial nerve 5 supplies what?

Answer 9

1. Sensation on the face
2. muscle mastication
3. tensor muscle of the tympanic membrane of the ear

Question 10

Cranial nerve 7 supplies facial expression as well as what?

Answer 10

the tongue

Question 11

What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 11

1. Ophthalamic
2. Maxillary
3. Mandibular

Question 12

This division of the trigeminal nerve is the only one that has a motor component.

Answer 12

Mandibular

Question 13

How does the trigeminal nerve arise?

Answer 13

from the pons of the brainstem

Question 14

The trigeminal nerves travel through

Answer 14

the facial canal to the temporal bone

Question 15

Bells palsy causes what symptoms?

Answer 15

1. twitching
2. Weakness
3. complete inability to move one half of the face

Question 16

What is orbicularis oculi?

Answer 16

circular muscle group surrounding the eye

Question 17

Where does the orbicularis oculi originate?

Answer 17

medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament, and the lacrimal bone.
It then inserts into the skin around the margin of the orbit and the superior-inferior tarsal plates.

Question 18

What are the three parts of the orbicularis oculi?

Answer 18

1. Palpebral Oculi
2. Lacrimal Orbicularis
3. Orbital Orbicularis

Question 19

What is the function of the palpebral oculi?

Answer 19

closes the eyelids and is responsible for the spontaneous blink

Question 20

What is the function of the lacrimal orbicularis?

Answer 20

facilitates the drainage of tears

Question 21

What is the function of the orbital orbicularis?

Answer 21

closes the eyes tightly

Question 22

What is the most affected muscle in myasthenia gravis?

Answer 22

orbicularis oculi

Question 23

Where is the corrugator supercilii located?

Answer 23

medial end of the eyebrow just above the orbicularis oculi muscle

Question 24

The corrugator originates where?

Answer 24

superciliary arch and inserts deep into the skin of the eyebrow

Question 25

What is the function of the corrugator supercilli?

Answer 25

Responsible for drawing the eyebrow down medially

Question 26

What nerve is affected when you are constantly frowning?

Answer 26

supression of supratrochlear nerve

Question 27

What is the largest of the nasal groups?

Answer 27

nasalis transverse

Question 28

What are the three nasal groups?

Answer 28

1. nasalis transverse | 2.

Question 29

Which nerve is injected for botox?

Answer 29

supratrochlear nerve

Question 30

The nasalis transverse is composed of two parts. What are they?

Answer 30

1. transverse part

Question 31

The transverse part of the nasalis arises from where?

Answer 31

the maxilla and attaches to aponeurosis across the dorsum of the nose

Question 32

What is the transverse part of the nasalis responsible for?

Answer 32

compressing the nostrils

Question 33

The alar part of the nasalis arises from where?

Answer 33

the maxilla and inserts into the great alar cartilage. The alar part flares the nostrils

Question 34

This is the most superior of the nasal group?

Answer 34

procerus

Question 35

Where does the procerus of the nasal group arise from?

Answer 35

arises from the fascia covering the lower part of the nasal bone and the upper part of the lateral nasal cartilage.

Question 36

Where is the procerus inserted?

Answer 36

in between the eyebrows

Question 37

What is the function of the procerus?

Answer 37

helps pull the skin between the eyebrows downward and aids in the flaring of the nostrils

Question 38

Where does the depressor nasi septi arise from?

Answer 38

incisive vasa of the maxilla

Question 39

Where is the nasi septi inserted?

Answer 39

into the nasal septum and part of the nasalis alar. compressor of the asar pulls the tip of the nose downward and compresses the aperture of the nostrils.

Question 40

Which part is cut by surgeons to help the droopy part of the nose?

Answer 40

depressor nasi septi

Question 41

Where does the buccinator originate?

Answer 41

maxilla and mandible

Question 42

The buccinator inserts where?

Answer 42

orbicular oris muscle

Question 43

What is the function of the buccinator?

Answer 43

1. mastication 2. blowing 3. suckling (neonates)

Question 44

What are the upper group oral muscles?

Answer 44

1. Risorius 2. Zygomaticus Major 3. Zygomaticus Minor 4. Levator Labil Superioris 5. Levator Labil Superioris 6. Levator Anguli Oris

Question 45

What are the lower group oral muscles?

Answer 45

1. Depressor Anguli Oris 2. Depressor Labil Inferiors 3. Mentalis

Question 46

Name the muscles of mastication.

Answer 46

1. Masseter 2. Temporalis 3. Medial Pterygoid 4. Lateral Pterygoid