Face & Scalp

Question 1

Sensory innervation of scalp

Answer 1

• V1 br.: Supratrochlear & Supraorbital
• V2 br.: Zygomaticotemporal
• V3 br.: Auriculotemporal
• Greater occipital (C2)
• Lesser occipital (C2, C3)
• Greater auricular (lies on SCM)

Question 2

Sensory innervation of the FACE

Answer 2

• V1: supraorbital, supratrochlear, infratrochlear
• V2: zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofacial, infraorbital
• sensory portion of V3: auriculotemporal, buccal, mental
• Greater occipital (C2)
• Lesser occipital (C2,3)
• Great auricular
• Herpes Zoster resides in Trigeminal ganglion

Question 3

Muscles of facial expression

Answer 3

• Orbicular oculi: close eyelids
  
  • orbital
  • palebral
• Frontalis; A: raise eybrows & frowning
• Levator labii superiori: Snarling
• Zygomaticus: smiling
• Orbicularis oris: whistling
• Depressor anguli oris + Depress labii inferioris: frowning
• Occipitalis: Scalp movement
• Auricularis: wiggle ears
• Buccinator: keeps food b/w teeth & keeps cheeks taut during chewing (deep to zygomaticus)
• Platysma: grimacing
• I: CN VII

Question 4

Facial nerve: Motor br.

Answer 4

• Ten Zebras Bit My Clavicle Painfully
• CN VII exits via stylomastoid foramen to pass thru parotid gland
• Temporal
• Zygomatic
• Buccal
• Marginal mandibular
• Cervical
• Posterior auricular

Question 5

Parotid gland

Answer 5

Parotid contains:

• divisions of CN VII motor roots
• Retromandibular v.
• External Carotid a.

Parotid gland opens in upper 2nd molar in oral cavity

• susceptible in mumps
• Parasympathetic via V3 (postganglionic fibres)

Question 6

Major arteries of the Face

Answer 6

External carotid a.

• Facial br.
• Infraorbital br.
• Maxillary br.
• Transverse Facial br.
• Superficial Temporal br.

Question 7

Danger Area of the Face

Answer 7

• Facial v. -> Angular v. -> S. Ophthalmic v. -> Cavernous sinus -> Dural sinus
• Facial v. -> Deep Facial v. -> Pterygoid venous plexus -> I. Ophthalmic v. -> Cavernous sinus
• infections in danger area of face can very easily be disseminated intracranially

Question 8

Scalp 5 layers

Answer 8

• Skin
• CT Dense: containing nerves/vessels
• Aponeurosis (epicranial) b/w frontalis & occipitals
• Loose CT: favourable for viral infection spread
• Pericranium (periosteum)

Danger area of Scalp

• Loose CT
• can very easily be disseminated intracranially thru the Emissary v.

Question 9

Arteries of Scalp

Answer 9

• branches of scalp arteries lie in Dense CT layer
• the ends of cut vessels held open by CT resulting in profuse bleeding

External carotid a. br. (predominant)

• Superficial temporal br.
• Posterior auricular br.
• Occipital br.

Internal carotid a. br.

• Supratrochlear br.
• Supraorbital br.