Fabrication Flashcards
What is the Federal Meat Grading Service?
A service established in 1925 to grade meat.
It started grading beef in 1927, lamb in 1931, and pork in 1931.
Is meat grading required?
No, grading is voluntary; inspection is required.
What are the two main types of grades in meat grading?
Quality and Yield Grades.
Who conducts meat grading?
An unbiased federal employee.
What is ‘Instrument Enhanced Grading’?
A method used in grading meat that utilizes instruments for accuracy.
What types of carcasses can be quality and yield graded?
Steer, bullock, heifer, or cow carcasses. Bull carcasses are yield grade only.
What must be done to the carcass before grading?
The carcass must be split and one half must be ‘ribbed’.
What are the USDA Beef Quality Grades?
- Standard
- Select
- Choice
- Prime
What is the formula for Yield Grade in beef?
Yield Grade = 2.5 + ((2.5 x adjusted fat thickness, inches) + (0.2 x percent of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat) + (0.0038 x hot carcass weight, pounds) – (0.32 x ribeye area, square inches)).
What are the USDA Beef Yield Grades?
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
What are the beef primal cuts?
- Chuck
- Brisket
- Shank
- Rib
- Plate
- Loin
- Flank
- Sirloin
- Round
What are the USDA Yield Grades for lamb based on fat thickness?
- 1: 0-0.15 inches
- 2: 0.16-0.25 inches
- 3: 0.26-0.35 inches
- 4: 0.36-0.45 inches
- 5: 0.46+ inches
What are the USDA Quality Grades for lamb?
- Prime
- Choice
- Good
- Utility
What are the lamb primal cuts?
- Shoulder
- Rack
- Loin
- Leg
- Foreshank and Breast
What are the grades for pork carcass grading?
- U.S. No. 1
- U.S. No. 2
- U.S. No. 3
- U.S. No 4
- U.S. Utility
What determines the preliminary grade of pork?
Backfat thickness.
What are the expected yields for pork based on chilled carcass weight?
- U.S. No. 1: 60.4% and over
- U.S. No. 2: 57.4% to 60.3%
- U.S. No. 3: 54.4% to 57.3%
- U.S. No. 4: Less than 54.4%
What are the primal cuts of pork?
- Shoulder
- Boston Butt
- Picnic Shoulder
- Loin
- Side
- Belly
- Spare ribs
- Ham
What types of poultry are graded?
- Chickens
- Turkeys
- Ducks
- Geese
- Guineas
- Pigeons
What are the classes of chickens?
- Rock Cornish game hen
- Rock Cornish fryer, rooster, or hen
- Broiler or fryer
- Roaster or roasting chicken
- Capon
- Hen, fowl, or baking or stewing chicken
- Cock or rooster
What are the U.S. poultry grades?
- U.S. Grade A
- U.S. Grade B
- U.S. Grade C
