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Chemistry > F322-Alkenes > Flashcards

F322-Alkenes Flashcards

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0
Q

Unsaturated

A

Containing at least one Carbon to Carbon multiple bond

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1
Q

Hydrocarbon

A

Compounds containing Carbon and Hydrogen atoms only

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2
Q

General formula for Alkene

A

CnH2n

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3
Q

Homologous Series

A

A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2

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4
Q

Chemical bonding between Carbon & Hydrogen atoms

A

Covalent bonds

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5
Q

First 9 Alkenes

A 
Ethene
Propene
Butane
Pentene
Hexene
Heptane
Octene
Nonene
Decene
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6
Q

Structural Isomer

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

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7
Q

Stereoisomers

A

Compounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangements of the atoms in space

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8
Q

E/Z Isomerism

A

An example of stereoisomerism. In terms restricted rotation about a double bond and the requirement for two different groups to be attached to each carbon of the C=C group.

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9
Q

Cis-Trans Isomers

A

A special case of E/Z isomerism in which two of the substituent groups are the same

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10
Q

Name the shape around the carbon atom in an Alkene

A

Trigonal Planar

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11
Q

Functional Group

A

A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound

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12
Q

Electrophile

A

A species attracted to an electron rich centre where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond

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13
Q

Hydrogenation catalyst.. Including function.

A

Nickel Catalyst - lowers activation energy by making bonds weaker

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14
Q

Equation for Hydrogenation

A

Alkene + H2 > Alkane

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15
Q

Temperature/use of Hydrogenation

A

150*C & is important in the manufacture of margarine (hardening of veg oils)

16
Q

What happens to Alkenes during Hydrogenation

A

Alkenes are reduced by Hydrogen Gas

17
Q

What happens to Alkenes during Halogenation

A

Alkenes react rapidly with Bromine/Chlorine

18
Q

What is halogenation a test for?

A

A test for unsaturation- alkenes decolourise bromine water

19
Q

Equation for Halogenation

A

Ethene + Br2/Cl2 > 1,2 -dibromoethane/ 1,2 -dichloroethane

20
Q

What does the reaction with halides form?

A

Halogenoalkanes

21
Q

What is the equation for a reaction with hydrogen halides?

A

Ethene + HCl/HBr > chloro/bromoethane

22
Q

What are alkenes reacted with in Hydration?

A

Steam

23
Q

What catalyst is used in Hydration?

A

Phosphoric Acid Catalyst (H3PO4)

24
Q

What does Hydration result in?

A

Alcohols

25
Q

What is Hydration a major industrial process for?

A

The manufacture of ethanol in UK

26
Q

Overall equation of Electrophillic Addition

A

CH2=CH2 + Br2 > CH2BrCH2Br

27
Q

What is the first step of Electrophillic addition?

A

Heterolytic Fission- the breaking of a covalent bond where the shared pair of electrons are not split equally forming a cation (p) and an anion (n)

28
Q

Curly Arrow

A

The movement of an electron pair, showing either the breaking or formation of a covalent bond

29
Q

What occurs in step 2 of Electrophillic Addition?

A

A highly reactive Carbocation is formed which then rapidly forms a covalent bond with the bromide ion

30
Q

Electrophillic Addition-

Electrons in the double bond repel electrons in the bromine molecule…

A

Inducing a dipole

31
Q

Give the formula of Ethyne

A

C2H2 …. H-C(triple bond)C-H

32
Q

General formula for alkynes

A

CnH(2n-2)

33
Q

Describe the overlap of p-orbitals to form a pi bond

A

The pi-bond is formed by sideways overlap of p-orbitals above and below the plane of the molecule

34
Q

What matches a Z-isomer

A

Cis-isomer

35
Q

What matches an E-isomer?

A

Trans-isomer

Chemistry (29 decks)

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