F.2 - Characteristics of Bacteria

Question 1

Bacteria (eubacteria)

Answer 1

Domain name, kingdom name (eubacteria) and common name of many prokaryotic cells (3 shapes, coccus -spherical, bacillus-rod shaped, spirillus/spirochete- spiral)

Question 2

Peptidoglycan

Answer 2

Polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms mesh-like peptidoglycan layer outside of plasma membrane of most bacterial cells

Question 3

Nucleoid

Answer 3

Genetic region of prokaryotic cell where DNA is located

Question 4

Plasmid

Answer 4

Specialized ring of DNA in bacteria

Question 5

Capsule

Answer 5

Gelatinous (consistency of jelly) layer forming outer layer of some bacterial cells

Question 6

Pili

Answer 6

Chemical extension on surface of some bacteria, used to stick to surfaces

Question 7

Bacillus

Answer 7

Rod-shaped bacteria, which can either exist singularly or linked in a chain

Question 8

Coccus

Answer 8

Spherical shaped bacteria

Question 9

Spirochete

Answer 9

Spiral shaped bacteria

Question 10

Gram stain

Answer 10

Bacterial stain made of safranine and crystal violet

Question 11

Gram positive vs Gram negative

Answer 11

Gram positive - used to describe bacterial wall that LACKS lipids. Bacterial walls appear purple when stained

Gram negative - used to describe bacterial wall that CONTAINS lipids. Bacterial walls appear pink when stained

Question 12

Bacterial colony

Answer 12

Group of bacteria derived from same mother cell. (Single montrer cell reproduces to create a group of genetically identical cells)