E.2 Taxonomic System

Question 1

Taxon

Answer 1

Named group of organisms

Question 2

Levels of classification

Answer 2

Domain - bacteria, archaea, eukarya 
Kingdom - fungi, plantae, protista, animalia 
Phylum - chordata 
Class - mammalia 
Order - primate 
Family - hominidae
Genus - homo
Species - sapiens 

Class - Species is specifically for humans in this example

Question 3

Domain Bacteria

Answer 3

Unicellular prokaryotes (Eubacteria)

Question 4

Domain Archaea

Answer 4

Prokaryotic, and membranous. These membranes are extremely durable and allow the archaea to live in various environments and extreme conditions

(Kingdom Archaebacteria)

Question 5

Domain Eukarya

Answer 5

All members have eukaryotic structure, domain is divided into four kingdoms
(Protists, Fungi, Plants and Animals)

Question 6

Kingdom Protista

Answer 6

Includes unicellular eukaryotes. These are easily categorized according to their nutritional pattern (ingestive vs fungus)

Question 7

Kingdom Fungi (absorptive)

Answer 7

Includes multi-cellular eukaryotes that secrete enzymes to digest food, then absorb the food.

Question 8

Kingdom Plantae

Answer 8

Includes multi-cellular organisms that use chlorophyll and other molecules to capture suns energy and convert it to chemical energy

Question 9

Kingdom Animalia (ingestive)

Answer 9

Organisms that are multicellular and ingestive (consume nutrients and digest within confines of their body(

Question 10

Cladogram/ Phylogenetic Tree

Answer 10

Branching chart/Diagram used to represent taxonomic and evolutionary relationships

Question 11

Ancestral vs Derived Trait

Answer 11

Traits present in individuals which were also present in common day ancestor, and derived means traits that are present in individuals now but weren’t present in the common ancestor