F10 Flashcards

1
Q

Hvad består hver DNA-dobbelt helix af?

A

Af en oprindelig (template), og en nysyntetiseret DNA-streng

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2
Q

DNA-syntese i prokaryoter:

A
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3
Q

Kort sagt, hvad gør DNA-polymeraser?
(prokaryote)

A

DNA-polymeraser udfører replikation.
De aflæser en DNA template i 3’-til-5’ retning, og producerer en ny streng i 5’-til-3’ retning

Er enzymer

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4
Q

Hvorfor har dna polymeraser brug for en primer?
(prokaryote)

A

Primasen er et enzym, som kan lave en RNA-primer

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5
Q

Prokaryote celler, proofreading. Hvad menes med exonuclease aktivitet?

A

Proofreading aktivitet eliminerer de fleste fejl.
For prokayrote celler har de 3 DNA-polymeraser alle exonuclease aktivitet, hvilket betyder at alle 3 kan lave proofreading.
Syntetiserer fra 5’-3’
Fjerner (proofreading) 3’-5’

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6
Q

Adskillelse af DNA-strengene.
Hvad gør hhv. Helicase, SSBP, og topoisomerase?
(prokayrote)

A

Supercoiling= Oversnogning af DNA-molekylet, som opstår ved “unwinding”
Topoisomerase bryder en enkelt streng, så DNA-molekylet kan sno tilbage

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7
Q

Beskriv leading strand og lagging strand:

A

RNase H=Kan nedbryde RNA, og fjerner primeren
Ligase=sammensætter okazaki fragmenter

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8
Q

Funktion af DNA ligase:

A

Laver den sidste fosfordiester binding

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9
Q

Vigtige koncepter:

A
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10
Q

Replikation i eukaryote celler:

A

Replikationen starter i definerede replikations-origins i eukaryote celler

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11
Q

DNA replikation i eukaryoter:

A
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12
Q

Fint billede:

A

Læg mærke til at lagging strand og leading strand er på “samme strand”

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13
Q

Hvad gør DNA-polymerase:

A
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14
Q

Hvad gør primasen?

A
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15
Q

Hvad gør helicasen?

A
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16
Q

Hvad gør single-strand binding proteiner?

A
17
Q

Hvad gør topoisomeraser?

A
18
Q

Hvad gør NHase?

A

Fjerner primeren

19
Q

Hvad gør DNA-ligase?

A
20
Q
A