Eyes Flashcards
ptosis
eyelid drooping- CN7
accommodation
lens thickens to look close
miosis
conctriction of pupil
mydriasis
dilated pupil - opioid overdose
exophthalmos
anterior displacement - graves
enophthalmos
posterior displacement- horners
chemosis
periorbital oedema- graves
nystagmus
involuntary movements of eye
saccades
reading
papilloedema
raised ICP
optic chiasm lesion
bitemporal hemianopia
optic tract lesion
homonymous hemianopia
marcus gunn pupil
RAPD
paradoxical constriction to light
heroin- eyes?
pinpoint
pathway for accomodation and pupil constriction
retina CN2 pretectal nuclei(crosses) edinger westphal nuclei CN3 ciliary sphincter
holmes adie
young women, slow reaction, better accomodation
argyle robinson- caused by tertiary syphilis(prostitutes)
accomodation to light but no reaction
action of superior oblique
when eye is looking laterally, twists inwards (intorsion and abducts)
medial rotation, eye depression abduction
trochlear nerve palsy
difficulty reading books
medical third nerve palsy
unable to move eye , then blown pupil
surgical third nerve palsy
uncal herniation, first dilated then blown
intranuclear opthalmoplegia
medial longitudinal fasicilus damage which connects CN3 to CN6 - ipsilateral eye cannot adduct
parinauds
upward gaze palsy
convergence retraction nystagmus
level of inferior colliculus
decussation of superior peduncles
level of superior colliculus
red nucleus
action of inferior oblique
abduction, eye elevation, lateral rotation
what do both the superior and inferior rectus muscles produce
adduction of eye
superior rectus muscle action
elevation, medial rotation and adduction
inferior rectus muscle action
depression, lateral rotation, adduction
superior muscles always do
medial rotation
inferior muscles always do
lateral rotation
what muscles elevate the eye
superior rectus and inferior oblique
what muscle depress the eye
inferior rectus and superior oblique
lesion in superior part of occipital lobe extending into visual cortex of the parietal lobe
ocular apraxia= inability to direct the gaze at a consciously selected target in visual field because rapid eye movements are inaccurate
what is ocular apraxia associated with
optic ataxia- loss of ability to carry out visually guided movements of hands
Balints syndrome
visual disorientation
ocular apraxia
optic ataxia
lesion in the inferior surface of occipital cortex
acquired achromatopsia = loss of colour vision in contralateral halves of visual fields in both eyes
