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Victor BNF Notes > Eyes > Flashcards

Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

What forms do eye preparations come in?

A
  • drops
  • gels
  • ointments
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2
Q

How much time to leave between applying 2 different eye drops or Gels on the same eye

A

Drops
- 5 mins

Gels
- >5 mins

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3
Q

Eye drop/gels use counselling

A
  • wash hands before use
  • keep eyes close for as long as possible
  • transient blurred vision can be experienced, therefore use at night if ointments
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4
Q

Expiry dates for eye preparations

A

Home use: 28 days

Hospital use: 1 week

Outpatient/surgery: 1 application

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5
Q

Example of a preservative used in eye preparations

A

Benzalkonium Chloride

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6
Q

Why do patients like using preservative free preparations

A

because some preparations can cause stinging and irritation

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7
Q

Contact lenses and eye drops

A

hard lenses: you can use drops

soft lenses: no drops

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8
Q

Contact lenses and eye ointments/oily eye drops

A

can’t use together

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9
Q

Which drug stains contact lenses orange

A

Rifampicin

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10
Q

Treatment for allergic eyes

A
  • sodium cromoglicate
  • Antazoline/Azelastine
  • Xylometazoline
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11
Q

Treatment for dry eyes

A
  • hypromellose (applied hourly)
  • carmellose(applied QDS)
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12
Q

Treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis (eyes)

A
  • chloramphenicol eye drops/ointments
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13
Q

Treatment for Herpes Simplex Virus (eyes)

A
  • Aciclovir

5 times/day until 3 days after healing

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14
Q

Treatment for Blepharitis (inflammation of eye lid)

A

Fusidic Acid cream for staphylococcal infection

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15
Q

What type of drug is sodium cromoglicate

A

mast cell stabiliser

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16
Q

what type of drugs are antazoline and azelastine

A

antihistamine

17
Q

What type of drug is Xylometazoline

A

vasoconstrictors reducing redness

18
Q

Treatment for eye inflammation

A

topical corticosteroids

19
Q

What happens if you use topical corticosteroid with infection such as red eye caused by HSV

A

can lead to…
- ulcers
- blindness

20
Q

Treatment for corneal ulcers

A

intensive Ciprofloxacin course

21
Q

What medication is used to dilate pupils for eye examination/ procedures

A
  • Atropine (antimuscarinic)
  • phenylephrine
22
Q

1st Line treatment for Glaucoma

A
  • Betaxolol (beta-blocker)
  • Latanoprost (prostaglandin)
23
Q

What is Bextaxolol contra-indicated in

A

Asthma

24
Q

What are the side effects of Latanoprost

A
  • long eye lashes
  • darker iris colour
25
Q

2nd Line treatment for Glaucoma

A
  • Brimonidine
  • Brinzolomide/ Dorzolomide
  • Actazolamide
26
Q

What type of drug are Brinzolomide/ Dorzolomide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

27
Q

Which 2nd Line treatment for Glaucoma is taken orally

A

Acetazolamide

28
Q

What is closed angle glaucoma

A
  • cloudy eye
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • intense eye pain
  • blurred vision
  • rainbow coloured rings
29
Q

Which type of glaucoma is an emergency

A

closed angle glaucoma

Victor BNF Notes (25 decks)

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