Eyes Flashcards
What forms do eye preparations come in?
- drops
- gels
- ointments
How much time to leave between applying 2 different eye drops or Gels on the same eye
Drops
- 5 mins
Gels
- >5 mins
Eye drop/gels use counselling
- wash hands before use
- keep eyes close for as long as possible
- transient blurred vision can be experienced, therefore use at night if ointments
Expiry dates for eye preparations
Home use: 28 days
Hospital use: 1 week
Outpatient/surgery: 1 application
Example of a preservative used in eye preparations
Benzalkonium Chloride
Why do patients like using preservative free preparations
because some preparations can cause stinging and irritation
Contact lenses and eye drops
hard lenses: you can use drops
soft lenses: no drops
Contact lenses and eye ointments/oily eye drops
can’t use together
Which drug stains contact lenses orange
Rifampicin
Treatment for allergic eyes
- sodium cromoglicate
- Antazoline/Azelastine
- Xylometazoline
Treatment for dry eyes
- hypromellose (applied hourly)
- carmellose(applied QDS)
Treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis (eyes)
- chloramphenicol eye drops/ointments
Treatment for Herpes Simplex Virus (eyes)
- Aciclovir
5 times/day until 3 days after healing
Treatment for Blepharitis (inflammation of eye lid)
Fusidic Acid cream for staphylococcal infection
What type of drug is sodium cromoglicate
mast cell stabiliser
what type of drugs are antazoline and azelastine
antihistamine
What type of drug is Xylometazoline
vasoconstrictors reducing redness
Treatment for eye inflammation
topical corticosteroids
What happens if you use topical corticosteroid with infection such as red eye caused by HSV
can lead to…
- ulcers
- blindness
Treatment for corneal ulcers
intensive Ciprofloxacin course
What medication is used to dilate pupils for eye examination/ procedures
- Atropine (antimuscarinic)
- phenylephrine
1st Line treatment for Glaucoma
- Betaxolol (beta-blocker)
- Latanoprost (prostaglandin)
What is Bextaxolol contra-indicated in
Asthma
What are the side effects of Latanoprost
- long eye lashes
- darker iris colour
2nd Line treatment for Glaucoma
- Brimonidine
- Brinzolomide/ Dorzolomide
- Actazolamide
What type of drug are Brinzolomide/ Dorzolomide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Which 2nd Line treatment for Glaucoma is taken orally
Acetazolamide
What is closed angle glaucoma
- cloudy eye
- nausea
- vomiting
- intense eye pain
- blurred vision
- rainbow coloured rings
Which type of glaucoma is an emergency
closed angle glaucoma
