Eyelid lecture (Whitley) Flashcards
1
Q
Eyelids
A
- haired skin
- orbicularis oculi muscle
- Tarsal plate/glands
- Meibomian glands
- Conjunctiva
- Mucocutaneous junction
2
Q
Naso-lacrimal duct system
A
- lacrimal puncta in eyelids
- lacrimal canaliculi
- eyelid closure/blinking from lateral to medial
- creates negative pressure w/in lacrimal sac drawing tears
3
Q
Exam of eyelids
A
- Symmetry
- margin position/integrity
- swelling
- wounds/ulcers
- conditions of glands
- position of lashes
- effectiveness of blink mech
- potential consequence for globe
4
Q
dzs
A
- congnital
- agenesis
- neonatal ophthalmia
- eyelid position
- entropion
- ectropion
- macroblepharon
- trauma
- lacerations blepharoedema
- Blepharitis
- Neoplasia
- Lash disorders
- trichiasis
- distichia
- ectopic cilia
5
Q
Eyelid Agenesis
A
- absence of portion of eyelid
- eyelid coloboma
- exposure keratitis
- may be associated with multiple ocular anomalies
- cataract
- retinal dysplasia
- posterior segment colobomas
- KCS
- lateral upper eyelid usually affected
- TX
- blepharoplastic procedures
- remove sutures in 10-14 days
- blepharoplastic procedures
- Use an e-collar
6
Q
Ankylobplepharon
A
- physiologic until 10-14 days
- puppies and kittens
- Delays beyond this are abnormal
- No present in percocious neonates
- Neonatal ophthalmia
- infection beneath fushed eyelids
- must open prematurely to treat: conjunctival hook
- flush fornix
- apply topical antibiotics and lubricants
- ask to see the rest of the litter
7
Q
Entropion
A
- Inversion of the eyelids
- Anatomic
- breed predispositions
- shar-pei, chow-chow, English bulldog, lab
- breed predispositions
- Spastic
- Pain
- Results in corneal, conjunctival irritation
- refractory corneal ulcers
- Treatment is surgical: Hotz-Celsus procedure/Stades procedure
- never surgerize patient < 6mo
- tack open in younger animals: vertical mattress, non-absorbable
- staples possible
- sometimes animals grow out of it
8
Q
Ectropion
A
- Eversion of lid margin
- breed standard:
- basset hounds, saint bernards, bloodhounds, american cocker spaniels
- breed standard:
- correct if excessive
- V to Y
9
Q
Macroblepharon
A
- Large palpebral fissure relative to globe size
- part of brachycephalic syndrome
- medial lower eyelid entropion
- nasal canthus trichiasis
- nasal fold trichiasis
- dec corneal sensitivity
- rapid tear evaporation
- hair on nasal fold that irritates eye
10
Q
Eyelid lacerations
A
- Need to be repaired as soon as practical
- Don’t amputate any of the eyelid margin
- Minimal debridement
- good blood supply don’t chop anything off
- two layer closure
- First align eyelid margin
11
Q
Blepharitis
A
- Inflammation of eyelids
- anything affecting dermis can affect eyelids
- PE
- look at inside!
- Causes
- allergy
- infection
- pyoderma
- immune mediated
- parasites
- TX
- systemic abx
12
Q
Eyelid Neoplasia
Canine
A
- Canine
- usually benign
- can cause
- irritation
- Types
- meibemian adenoma => benign
- Epithelioma
- Melanomas
- Papillomas
- TX: SX=> four-sided excision (figure eight suture)
13
Q
Eyelid neoplasia
Feline
A
- Feline
- tend to be malignant
- SCC
- Mast cell tumor
- basal cell carcinoma
- Fibrosarcomas
- TX
- radical excision
- chemo
- radiation
- tend to be malignant
14
Q
Neoplasia
Equine
A
- Equine
- challenging to treat
- Main types
-
SCC
- TX
- surgical excision
- cryotherapy
- radiation therapy
- photodynamic therapy (PDT)
- TX
- Sarcoid
-
SCC
- Early intervention
- Has best outcome
15
Q
Eyelash abnormalities
A
- Uncommon
- Cause
- blepharospasm
- epiphora
- keratitis
- conjunctivitis
- Categories
- Distichia
- one lash through a mibomian gland rubs on cornea
- Districhia
- more than one lash through mg rubs on cornea
- Trichiasis
- normal lash origin but rubs cornea
- Ectopic cilia
- from mybomian gland exit through palpebral conj
- wild hair
- from mybomian gland exit through palpebral conj
- Distichia
