Dzs conj, lacr system, TE DW (Whitley) Flashcards
1
Q
Tear film
A
- 3 layers
- outer: meibomian glands
- middle aqueous: lacrimal glands
- inner mucin: goblet cells, epithelial cells
- lubricates, cleanses and protects globe
- Surface health depends on sufficient quantity and stability
2
Q
Diagnostic tests
A
- direct observation
- Schirmer tear test
- Cult and Sensitivity
- Viral PCR, IFA (Herpes)
- Fluorescein stain
- Rose Bengal/Lissamine Green stain
- Tear film break-up time
- Cytology
- Biopsy
- Flush NLD
- N-L Contrast radiography/CT
3
Q
Cytology
A
- Good tool for conjunctivitis
- procedure
- topical anesthesia
- sample cells of cytologic id/dx
- cornea
- conj
4
Q
Dzs of conj
A
- Inflammation
- Tear deficiencies
- Disruption of tear flow
- Gland of the TE malposition
- Neoplasia
5
Q
conjunctivitis
A
- non-specific
- Signs vary
- hyperemia
- chemosis
- d/c
- blepharospasm
- red eye
- Lymphoid follicles
- indicate chronicity
- DX
- primary conj dx made by ruling out secondary causes
6
Q
Conjunctivitis
Etiologies
A
- KCS
- Allergic
- Bacterial
- Viral
- Parasitic
- Physical irritation/trauma
- Intraocular disease
- Systemic illness
*always look for primary cause, don’t just treat CS
7
Q
Conjunctivitis in dogs
A
- Usually secondary to Dry eye
- infectious cause is uncommon
- Dobies
- ligneous (auto-immune I think)
- Causes
- allergic-atopy
- follicular
- contact hypersensitivity
- tx: neomycin, thimersol, benzalkonium chloride
8
Q
Conjunctivitis TX
A
- depends on etiology
- KCS
- tear stimulants
- herpes
- antivirals
- OMSD
- systemic
- topical-inflammatories
- topical abx
- lubricants
- KCS
9
Q
Conjunctivitis in cats
A
- Most is primary
- infectious cause common
- Herpesvirus (FHV-1)
- Chlamydophilia
- Mycoplasma
- Calicivirus
10
Q
Feline Herpesvirus Conjunctivitis
A
- FHV-1
- Most common cause of conjunctivitis/keratitis/ulcers in cats
- 97% of cats are seropositive
- CS
- Conjunctivitis in kittens and cats
- Neonatal ophthalmia
- Keratitis
- Corneal dz
- ulcers
- upper resp dz
- dendritic ulcers
- Disease characteristics
- mild dz, self limiting
- cases requiring treatment
- severe conjunctivitis
- concurrent keratitis
- corneal ulceration
11
Q
Herpesvirus treatment
A
- Antiviral
- topical
- cidofovir 0.5% compounded BID
- idoxuridine 0.1 % compounded 4-6 times/day
- systemic
- Famcyclovir (Famvir)
- Do not use Valcyclovir
- topical
- treat for 2 weeks past resolution of signs
- Supplemental
- L-lysine
- use lifelong to reduce recurrency
- treats or food additive
- treat all cats in house
- L-lysine
- Do not treat with corticosteroids
12
Q
Chlamydophila conjunctivitis
A
- hyperemia and more pronounced chemosis than herpes virus
- CS
- chemosis
- conjunctival hyperemia
- serous discharge
- blepharospasm
- no corneal dz
- Histo
- blue staining bodies near nucleus
- TX
- tetracyclines
- erythromycin
- azithromycin, doxy
- fluoroquinolones
- chloramphenicol
- 3 weeks of therapy
13
Q
Mycoplasma conjunctivitis
A
- Primary or secondary pathogen…?
- SPP
- M. felis
- M. gatae
- TX
- tetracycline
- erythromycin
- doxy
14
Q
Feline Calicivirus Conjunctivitis
A
- Much less common etiology of conjunctivitis
- CS
- conjunctival ulcers
- oral ulcers
- multiple conjunctival ulcers with fluorescein pos
- TX….?
- not herpes virus drugs
15
Q
Feline conjunctivitis chart
A
