Eye Quiz Flashcards
(21 cards)
pulses of ______ energy strike our eye
electromagnetic
wavelengths determine…
hue, intensity, and amplitude.
Hue
The color we experience, this is determined by the distance from the peak of one wave to the next.
Intensity
- the brightness of the color we see
- the amount of energy in a wave determined by its amplitude (height)
Phase 1: Gathering light
take in electromagnetic waves
Phase 2: Getting light in the eye
light enters through the cornea, which protects the eye and bends lights to provide focus.
Phase 3: Transduction
- rods and cones
- Ganglion axons form a nerve network called the Optic Nerve which crosses at the Optic Chiasm to send info to thalamus.
Rods and cones
are the eyes receptor cells activating bipolar and ganglion cells.
Cones: Fovea
- the retinas area of central focus
- in charge of fine detail and color vision
- low sensitivity in dim light.
Rods: Peripharal Retina
- detect black , white, and gray
- high sensitivity in dim light
Acuity
The sharpness of vision
-can be affected by small distortions in the eye’s shape.
Accomodation
the process by which the eyes lens changes shape to help focus near or far objects on the retina.
blind spot
point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a “BLIND SPOT” because there are no receptor cells.
Phase four: in the brain
-goes to visual cortex in occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.
Phase 4 (p2) Feature Detectors
nerve cells responding to features of a specific stimulus.
Visual info processing in the brain: Parallel Processing
- seeing several aspects at once
- people who have suffered brain damage may lose the ability to process all aspects.
Trichromatic Theory
- Young and Helmnotz
- 3 different retinal color receptors
- three types of cones: red, blue, green
- these cones can make millions of combinations of colors
- DOES NOT EXPLAIN COLOR BLINDNESS WELL
Opponent-Process Theory
- The sensory receptors come in pairs
- red/green, yellow/blue, black/white
- If one color is stimulated, the other is not.
Phase 2 Part 2
- Light passes through the pupil, the small adjustable opening
- Pupil size is regulated by the iris, the colored muscle around the pupil, determining how much light is entering the eye
- behind the pupil is the lens that focuses incoming rays into a image
- These images are focused on the retina, the eyeballs light sensitive inner surface.
How do we see?
we see upside down, but the brain processes it right side up.
Normally the cornea and lens focus the image if any object on the _____
retina
