Eye problems Flashcards
1
Q
Strabismus
A
- Failure of eyes to remain aligned
- Problem with brain/ extraocular muscles
- Impaired vision/double vision
2
Q
Glaucoma
A
- Drainage system tof aqueous humor ( schlemm’s canal/trabecular meshwork) becomes blocked
- Increased pressur ein anterior chamber, then the whole eye
- Damages the optic nerve
3
Q
Two types of gluocoma
A
- Open angle gluacoma - slow clogging causes gradual increase in pressure -> slow loss of vision
- Closed angle - lens pushed against iris, narrow passage of aqeous humor _> acute blockage, eye pain, sudden loss of vision
4
Q
Leukocoria
A
• White pupil - abnormal white reflection from retina of the eye
- Retinoblastoma (malignant tumor) is a common cause
- Also be caused by retinal detatchment/cataract
5
Q
Retinis Pigmentosa
A
- Genetic degenerative disease of retina
- Loss of peripheral vision gradually - tunnel vision
- blindness
- Photospia - flahse sof light
6
Q
Diabetic retinopathy
A
High blood pressure
- Blood leaks out of blood vessels
- Damage to blood vessels
Decrease in blood supply to the retina causes retinal damage
7
Q
Cataracts
A
- Loss of transparency of the lens
8
Q
Age related macular degeneration
A
- Degeneration of macula - loss of central vision but peripheral vision is maintained
- most common cause of blindness over 50
- age smoking hypertension are risk factors
9
Q
Retinal detatchment
A
- Retina begins to pull away from the blood vessels that supply it with nutrients etc
• Causes : trauma/thinning with age - Peripheral vision is lost
- If macula is still attatched - keep central vision
10
Q
Keratocconus
A
- Ageing process, lens becomes less flexible due to hardening of the lens
- Eye doesn’t focus light evenly on retina
11
Q
Astigmatism
A
- Refractive errors of the eye in which the frontal process is shaped like a rugby ball
- Irregular curvature of the cornea means that the eye is not focused on the retina
12
Q
Hyperopia
A
Longsightedness
• Light rays are brought to focus behind the retina
• Convex lens
13
Q
Prebyopia
A
- Ageing process, lens becomes less flexible due to hardening of the lens
- Eye doesn’t focus light evenly on retina
14
Q
Keratocconus
A
Conical shaped cornea that scatters the light that passes through it causing blurry vision
• Occurs mainly in young people
15
Q
Ischaemic optic neuropathy
A
- blood does not flow properly to the optic nerve
- Lasting damage to optic nerve
- Sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes
