Disorders of peripheral nerves

Question 1

Footdrop

Answer 1

Inability to raise the front part of the foot due to weakness/paralysis of common perioneal nerve

•Common perioneal nerve is involved in the dorsi flexion of the ankle runs along front of the foot

Question 2

Carpel tunnel

Answer 2

• compression of median nerve at the wrist

* Any process which causes narrowing of the carpal tunnel

Question 3

Diabetic neuropathy

Answer 3

• Family of nerve disorders cause by diabetes
• People with diabetes develop nerve damage throughout the body due to high blood glucose
• Wasting, numbness and tingling
• Peripheral neuropathy is most commone

Question 4

Carcot Marie tooth disease

Answer 4

Group of heriditary disorders of the peripheral nervous system
• Autosomal dominant
• Get worse over time
• Affect both sensory and motor neuronal cells

Question 5

Guillian Barre

Answer 5

1. rare but serious autoimmune disorder in which immune system attacks peripheral nerves
   • Rapidly progressing acute polyneuropathy
   • Leads to weakness, numbing, and eventually paralysis

Question 6

Multifocal motor neuropathies

Answer 6

• acquired autoimmune condition that affects the body’s motor nerves
• No pain but twitching and cramping

Question 7

Autonomic neuropathy

Answer 7

• non sensory and non motor functions affected by autonomic nerves
causes changes in digestion, bowel and bladder function, sexual response

Question 8

Focal neuropathy

Answer 8

sudden weakness in one nerve or group of nerves causing muscle weakness or pain

Question 9

Pathophys of charcot-marie-tooth disease

Answer 9

Defective protein in myelin sheath or axon
( may cause myelin sheath degeneration or directly affects axons preventing electrical signal transmission )

• Slows down electrical impulses travelling along the neuron
• Signals fail to reach target tissues in both sensory and motor neurons
• Motor neurons are affected it leads to muscle atrophy of the muscle it supplies

Question 10

Symptoms of CMT

Answer 10

Symptoms

1. Motor neuronal
   - both motor and sensory symptoms
   - foot and leg weakness - footdrop and high step gait
2. Sensory
   Tinging and burning sensation in hands and feet

Question 11

Polyneuropathy

Answer 11

degeneration of peripheral nerves that spread away from the centre

Question 12

Causes of guillian barre

Answer 12

• Post infection with certain organisms such as campylobacter jejuni/HIV
• cell mediated auto immune response is triggered against myelin/component of peripheral nerve

Question 13

Causes of foot drop

Answer 13

• Muscle weakness - muscular dystrophy
• Peripheral nerve disease/ neuropathy- charcot-marie-tooth/diabetic neuropathy
• Compression of common perioneal nerve

Question 14

Carpal tunnel clinical features

Answer 14

• altered sensation in the median nerve distribution
• Weakness of thumb abduction
• Wasting of thenar eminence

Question 15

Mononeuropathy

Answer 15

disorder of a single peripheral nerve resulting from trauma or compression the nerve

Question 16

Mononeuritis multiplex

Answer 16

damage to two or more indivisual nerves

Question 17

A

Answer 17

A