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PCM III Exam 2 > Eye Exam > Flashcards

Eye Exam Flashcards

1
Q

need to document what?

A

visual acuity**

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2
Q

need to document what?

A

visual acuity**

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3
Q

sudden loss of vision

A 
retinal detachment
vitreous hemorrhage
central retinal artery occlusion
CVA
trauma
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4
Q

gradual loss of vision

A 
aging
cataracts
glaucoma
HIV
autoimmune
diabetes
macular degeneration
neoplasm
pseudotumor cerebri
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5
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

difficulty seeing near objects

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6
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

difficulty seeing distant objects

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7
Q

presybopia

A

aging vision

-progressive difficulty seeing near objects

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8
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

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9
Q

heterophoria

A

failure of visual axis to remain parallel

-good eye reflects light on retina

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10
Q

esophoria

A

one eye deviates inward

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11
Q

exophoria

A

one eye deviates outward

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12
Q

cover test

A

to evaluate heterophoria

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13
Q

sclera

A

covered by conjuctiva

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14
Q

cantus

A

medial and lateral

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15
Q

limbus

A

border from iris to sclera

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16
Q

lacrimal apparatus

A

gland superior and lateral
duct medial
-puncta to canaliculi to duct

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17
Q

optic disk

A

landmark in eye

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18
Q

fovea

A

most sensitive to light

surrounded by macula

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19
Q

eye exam

A 
visual acuity
color blind
visual field testing
external exam
conjunctiva and sclera
cornea, lens, pupil
extra-ocular movement
-opthalmascope exam
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20
Q

far vision

A

snellen chart 20 feet away

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21
Q

near vision

A

hand held card - 14 inches

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22
Q

titmus vision tester

A

comprehensive eye exam

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23
Q

20/100 vision

A

you can see at 20 feet what normal people see at 100 feet

not good

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24
Q

examination of eye

A

each eye separatly, then together

-with and without corrective lenses

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25
Q

20/10 vision

A

you see at 20 feet what most people see at 10 feet

good

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26
Q

right eye

A

oculus dexter

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27
Q

left eye

A

oculus sinister

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28
Q

both eyes

A

oculus uterque

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29
Q

most common form of color blindness

A

red green

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30
Q

visual field testing

A

by conformation

bring fingers in from 4 directions

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31
Q

bitemporal hemianopsia

A

lose both lateral visual fields

32
Q

quadrantic defects

A

lose one quarter visual fields

33
Q

exopthalmos

A

protrusion of eyes

normally, upper and lower lids should touch iris
-white above and below - is exopthalmos

associated with graves disease

34
Q

palpebral fissure

A

canthi to canthi

35
Q

blepharitis

A

inflamed eyelids

36
Q

entropion

A

eyelid turns inward

37
Q

ectroprin

A

eyelids turns outward

38
Q

chalazion

A

eyelid cyst

39
Q

conjuctiva

A

clear mucus covering eye

bulbar - covers anterior eye
palpebral - lines eyelids

40
Q

jaundice

A

yellowing of eyes

  • bilirubin increase
  • sclera turns first
41
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta

A

blue sclera

problem with calcium metabolism
-brittle bones

42
Q

anisocoria

A

unequal pupils

43
Q

pupil evaluation

A

use oblique lighting

  • size, shape, symmetry
  • opacities of lens
44
Q

PERRLA

A

pupils equal round reactive to light and accommodation

45
Q

direct reaction

A

constriction of same pupil

46
Q

consensual reaction

A

constriction of opposite pupil

47
Q

accommodation

A

change in pupil and lens for near and far objects

48
Q

convergence

A

eye look inward to focus on near object

49
Q

pupil reaction to light

A

4x

for both direct and consensual of each eye

50
Q

nystagmus

A

fine rhythmic of eyes at extreme lateral gaze

51
Q

extraocular movements

A

6 directions of gaze

52
Q

fundus

A

optic disc and cup

53
Q

first landmark

A

optic disk

  • more medial
  • bring it into sharp focus
54
Q

eye red reflex

A

red/orange reflection of light from retina when shine light

55
Q

optic disc

A

clarity of disc margin
color of disc
cup ratio - small white depression within the optic disc

56
Q

sequence of inspection of retina

A

macula last

-patient will close eyes

57
Q

blind spot

A

optic disc

58
Q

bitemporal heminopsia

A

possibly a pituitary tumor

-pressing on optic chiasm

59
Q

pinguecula

A

small nodule on bulbar connjunctiva

-does not cross over to cornea

60
Q

pterygium

A

thickening of bulbar conjunctiva that grows across the cornea

61
Q

sty

A

infection at margin of eyelid

-no antibiotic

62
Q

chalazion

A

nodule of the eyelid

63
Q

xanthelasma

A

yellow plaques above below eyelid near nose

64
Q

ptosis

A

drooping of upper eyelids

65
Q

horners syndrome

A

ptosis, miosis, and anhydrosis

-symathetic

66
Q

bells palsy

A

CN VII

67
Q

graves disease

A

hyperthyroidism

may cause exopthalmos

68
Q

conjunctivitis

A

infection or inflammation of conjunctiva

discomfort

69
Q

subconjunctival hemorrhage

A

blood under conjunctiva

-painless

70
Q

blood vessels from iris

A

ocular emergency

pain association

71
Q

hyphema

A

blood in anterior trauma

-due to trauma

72
Q

papilledema

A

disc swollen with blurred margins

  • no cup visible
  • increased ICP
73
Q

glaucomatous cupping

A

enlarged cupping

74
Q

hypertension

A

A-V nicking

75
Q

cotton wool patches

A

infarcted nerve fibers

76
Q

ocular melanoma

A

altered pigmentation or retina

PCM III Exam 2 (8 decks)

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