Eye disorders Flashcards
How is Cataracts described?
Opacity or cloudiness of the lens
Cataracts are the leading cause of what in the united states?
disability
What are the four types of cataracts in addition to aging?
- Secondary
- Traumatic
- Radiation
- Congenital
By age of 80 more than half of all Americans have this.
Cataracts
What are the risk factors of cataracts?
- Age
- Environmental
- Heredity
- Diabetes
- Smoking and heavy alcohol
- Drugs
What environmental factors increase the risk of cataracts?
Trauma and excessive sun exposure
Cataracts tend to occur how?
Bilaterally but at different rates
What are the clinical manifestations of cataracts?
- Decreased acuity
- Painless
- Blurred vision
- Diplopia (sensitivity to glare)
- Color distortion
What are the diagnostic tests for cataracts?
-History and eye exam
What is the visual acuity tests used?
Snellen and Rosenbaum
Cataracts have an absence of what?
Red reflex
This type of exam needs to be done in order to truly diagnose a cataract?
Dilated eye exam with ophthalmoscope.
What is an Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE)?
Removal of entire lens
*rarely dine today
What is an extra capsular cataract extraction (ECCE)?
Maintains the posterior capsule of the lens.
Reducing potential postoperative complications
What is a Phacoemulsification?
An ECCE that uses an ultrasonic device to suction the lens out through a tube.
Incision is small than with standard ECCE
How is a lens replacement done?
After removal of the lens by ICCE or ECCE, the surgeon inserts an intraocular lens implant.
Having a intraocular lens implant eliminates the need for what?
Aphakic lenses
When is surgery for cataracts indicated?
When vision and ADLs affected
A cataract surgery is typically done how?
Outpatient and using local anesthesia
A patient just had cataract surgery. You should instruct the patient to call the physician immediately if what?
Vision changes Continuous flashing lights appear Redness, swelling or pain increases. Type and amount of drainage increases Significant pain is not relieved by acetaminophen.
When does the pain from Cataract surgery usually subside?
Within 1-2 days
Tends to be mild to moderate discomfort and some discharge
What should the patient make suer to do after Cataract surgery?
- Wear eye protection
- Take medications as ordered
- Avoid rubbing eyes
- Report symptoms
When does most healing complete after Cataract surgery?
7-8 weeks
What is specific in nursing management for a patient undergoing cataract surgery?
Dilating eye drops are ordered.