Eye Complaint Flashcards
Xanthelasma
Yellow fatty deposits on the eyelids; may indicate high cholesterol
Proptosis
Eyeballs bulging out; may indicate hyperthyroidism
Exopthalmos
Eyeballs bulging out; may indicate hyperthyroidism
Blepharitis
Flakiness and crustiness at eyelash line resulting in eye irritation
- red, itchy, gritty, burning eyes with excessive tearing
What can cause blepharitis?
Bacterial infection, skin conditions
When eyelid inverts
Entropion
When eyelid everts
Extropion
Ptosis
Drooping of the upper eyelid that may be seen with CNIII palsy, horner’s syndrome, or other causes
Chalazion
Swollen, NONtender and NONpainful infection IN THE LID
- blocked meibomian gland
Hordeolum (stye)
Tender and Painful ALONG THE LASH LINE
- infection of meibomian gland
Infants often have what type of eye problems?
Lacrimal apparatus/tear duct clogging
Narrowing of the nasolacrimal duct
Dacrostenosis
Infections of nasolacrimal duct
Dacrocystitis
What color should the conjunctiva be?
Clear
Erythema of conjunctiva
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Pink eye
Purulence
Pterygium
Tissue growth on the conjunctiva
3 types of conjunctivitis?
Allergic, viral, bacterial
Which conjunctivitis is unilateral?
Bacterial
Main symptom of conjunctivitis?
Discharge out of the eye
What nerves are tested with the cornea sensation test?
CN V and CN VII
Sudden increase in intraocular pressure with decreased vision
Acute angle closure glaucoma
What color should the sclera be?
White
Brown spots in the sclera?
Birth defects
Yellow sclera due to liver disease, pancreatic cancer or neonatal
Icterus
What does the cover/uncover test test?
Strabismus/ extraocular eye muscles
When the eye is pointed inward
Esotropia
When the eye is pointed outward
Exotropia
Describe setup for fundoscopic (opthalmoscopic) exam
Use right hand and right eye to look at pt’s right eye
Use large white round beam
Have patient focus on something behind you
Start afar and lean in
What are you looking at for the fundoscopic exam?
Blood vessels, optic disc, red reflex
Swollen optic disc with blurred edges
Papilledema
Backward depression of optic disc and atrophy with a pale ring around it
Glaucomatous cupping
Cotton wool spots
White/grayish lesions that are moderate in size but smaller than the optic disc
What condition may be more prone to cotton wool spots?
Diabetes
Drusen bodies
Yellowish lesions that are TINY, and consist of dead pigmented epithelial cells
What condition may be more prone to drusen bodies?
Macular degeneration
Unequal size of pupil
Anisocoria
Absence of the red reflex of the pupil may indicate?
Cataracts
