Eye/Brain Lab

Question 1

Spinal Cord

Answer 1

transmits information from the PNS to the brain and vice versa

Question 2

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 2

inferior most part of the brainstem controlling involuntary actions such as vomiting, sneezing, swallowing, breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure

Question 3

Pons

Answer 3

part of the brainstem inferior to (below) the midbrain involved with chewing, hearing, equilibrium, taste, and eye movement

Question 4

Midbrain

Answer 4

superior (top) part of the brainstem; connection between brain and spinal cord; involved with vision and motor control

Question 5

Cerebellum

Answer 5

major processor of motor coordination, controlling fine movements, motor learning and posture

Question 6

Corpus Callosum

Answer 6

transfer information between the hemispheres; when severed there appear to be two separate conscious entities within the skull

Question 7

Optic Chiasm

Answer 7

where optic nerves cross at the base of the cerebral cortex, allowing visual information to be processed by both hemispheres

Question 8

Olfactory Bulb

Answer 8

with one on each hemisphere it receives olfactory information from the nose

Question 9

Sulcus

Answer 9

plural-sulci; shallow furrow in the cerebral cortex that increases surface area

Question 10

Gyrus

Answer 10

plural-gyri; ridge on the cerebral cortex (the outer part of the cerebrum) that increases surface area

Question 11

Longitudinal Fissure

Answer 11

deep grove separating the left and right hemispheres

Question 12

Cerebrum

Answer 12

largest part of the brain; made of four lobes on each hemisphere; it controls voluntary movement, processes sensory information, makes thoughts and memories, and emotions

Question 13

What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

Answer 13

frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital

Question 13

What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

Answer 13

frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital

Question 14

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Answer 14

surronds the central nervous system, making it buoyant, protecting it, delivering substances, and removing wastes; when you sleep it is circulated around your brain removing wastes

Question 15

Meninges

Answer 15

three protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord; meningitis is the inflammation of these

Question 16

Nictitating Membrane

Answer 16

a third eyelid found in some animals that protects and moistens the eye; covers the eye medially coming from the inner side; humans do not have it

Question 17

Sclera

Answer 17

the protective, fibrous white of the eye that maintains the shape of the eyeball; noticeable in humans because of the evolution of society

Question 18

Choroid

Answer 18

vascular (blood supplying) layer between the retina and sclera; contains melanin (dark pigment) that stops light from reflecting around in the vitreous chamber, preventing images from blurring

Question 19

Tapetum Lucidum

Answer 19

iridescent blue-green-silver tissue posterior to the retina that reflects light back through the retina, aiding in night vision in some animals; humans do not have it

Question 20

Optic Nerve

Answer 20

transmits visual information from the retina to the brain

Question 21

Retina

Answer 21

thin, tan, film-like layer at the innermost posterior part of the posterior chamber; contains photoreceptors that convert light into information that is sent to the optic nerve

Question 22

Vitreous Body

Answer 22

clear gel in the vitreous chamber (from the lens to the retina); useful for determining time of death because of how it resists decomposition

Question 23

Ciliary Body

Answer 23

ring of tissue on the posterior side of the iris that includes involuntary muscle that controls the shape of the lens, making the lens more convex when on near objects and flatter when focusing on farther away objects; produces aqueous humor

Question 24

Lens

Answer 24

sits posterior to the pupil; firm, transparent, biconvex (bends outwards on the anterior and posterior sides), focuser of light onto the retina

Question 25

Pupil

Answer 25

hole in the iris through which light enters

Question 26

Iris

Answer 26

colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil and controls its size

Question 27

Aqueous Humor

Answer 27

fluid in the anterior chamber (from the cornea to the iris)

Question 28

Cornea

Answer 28

protective covering at the anterior (front) of the eye over the iris; the pupil and the anterior chamber refracts (changes the direction of) light