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opthamology > eye anatomy & physio > Flashcards

eye anatomy & physio Flashcards

1
Q

one of the only muscles of the eye with sympathetic innervation

A

muller’s muscle

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2
Q

what is muller’s muscle innervated by?

A

CN 3

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3
Q

which CN shuts the eye

A

CN 7

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4
Q

which CN keeps the eye open

A

CN 3

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5
Q

what makes the aqueous portion of the tears?

A

lacrimal gland

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6
Q

2 living layers of the eye

A

1, epithelium

2. endothelium

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7
Q

____ supplies blood to outer 2/3 of retina, and _____supplies blood to the inner 1/3 of retina

A

choroid; opthalmic artery

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8
Q

reduced or absent vision

A

scotoma

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9
Q

loss of half of visual field

A

hemianopia

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10
Q

loss of either right or left visual field

A

homoymous

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11
Q

lesion anterior to chiasm

A

ipsilateral monoocular loss

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12
Q

chiasmal lesion

A

bitemporal hemianopia

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13
Q

lesion posterior to chiasm

A

homonymous hemianopia

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14
Q

what is lens metabolism directed towrads?

A

maintenence of transparency

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15
Q

what is the main location of lens metabolism?

A

lens epithelium

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16
Q

where does glu enter the lens from/

A

the aqueous

17
Q

when is the sorbitol pathway used?

A

normally only 5%, but when hyperglycemia, it is upregulated

18
Q

can sorbitol diffuse out of lens?

A

no, it accumulates and creates an osmotic gradient for influx of H2O–>lens edema

19
Q

if a person has a sudden change in refractive index?

A

then consider diabetes

20
Q

tx for removing sorbitol from eye?

A

will be converted to fructose, and normalize over 4-6 weeks

21
Q

what is the refractive surface of the eye?

A

cornea + lens

22
Q

what represents 2/3 of the refractive power?

A

cornea

23
Q

when refractive power of cornea/lens is different in 1 meridian than in another

A

astigmatism

24
Q

hyperopia

A

farsighted

25
Q

myopia

A

nearsighted

26
Q

decreased ability to focus at near with age

A

presbyopia

27
Q

can presbyopia be fixed?

A

no, cannot be halted with refractive surgery

opthamology (10 decks)

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