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ADULT Health > Eye > Flashcards

Eye Flashcards

1
Q

What are the etiologies of Conjuctivitis???

A
  1. Alergic: Itching, watery discharge, bilateral (a clue that it’s not pathogen)
    —-
  2. Bacterial
  3. Viral
  4. Chlamydial
    (All three can spread. When it’s due to pathogens, it’s Contageous!! DONT TOUCH EYES AND HANDWASHING!!
    - With bacterial and viral they cause Purulent drainage and Lid crusting along with Upper respiratory Infection!!
    - Chlanydial is transmitted from Mother to Baby thru vaginal delivery!
    ——
  5. Contact-lens related
  6. Mechanical
  7. Traumatic
  8. Toxic
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2
Q

What would happen in Bacterial And Viral Conjunctivitis???

A

With bacterial and viral they cause Purulent drainage and Lid crusting,
along with Upper Respiratory Infection!!

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3
Q

What are the treatment for Conjuctivitis???

A
  1. Hand Washing
  2. Not wearing Contact lenses while condition persists
  3. Comfort measures:
    - Cool compress
    - Dark sunglasses
    - Antihistamine eye drop!!
    - Artificial tear
    - Topical steroid
    —-
  4. take meds
  5. follow up w/ MD
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4
Q

What do you need to know about Retinal detachment?? (What is it, What’s the most common cause? what are the theee basic mechanisms/how it works?)

A
  • Separation of retina from the retinal epithelium (Charoid)
  • Common in Men, Caucasians, >40, Myopic (near sighted), and Cataract surgery!!!!
    ——
    1. Rhegmatogenous- Retinal tear. Aging
    2. Traction- Scar tissue. Diabetic
    3. Exudative- Retinal disease w/ inflammatory process. Fluid shifts btwn retina and charoid, tearing it.
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5
Q

When there is evidence of detachment, WHAT SHOULD YOU DO FIRST AND THEN SECOND????

A
  1. Minimize Head and Eye movement
  2. EMERGENCY Facilitation
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6
Q

What are the patient care for Retinal detachment??

A
  1. Eye exam
  2. Rest and Calm
    • Avoid Increasing IOP
    • Cover BOTH eyes (to minimize eye acticity)
  5. Increase fluids, fibers, and stool softeners!
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7
Q

For gas bubble surgery, what position should the patient be in?? What are other restrictions??

A

PRONE position!!!!
1. NO major altitude change
2. NO flying
3. NO anesthesia with NITROUS GAS!!

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8
Q

What is cataract??

A
  • Water loss from lens
  • Increase density of lens
  • Chemical changes - may present at birth and develop over time
  • Age, Trauma, Toxin, Exposure
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9
Q

What are other additional RISK FACTORS for cataract???

A
  1. UV light
  2. Family fx
  3. African & Hispanic Americans
  4. Diabetes & Obesity
  5. Autoimmune conditions
  6. Hypertension
  7. Smoking & Alcohol use!!
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10
Q

What are the assessments of Cataracts??

A
  1. Clouded, blurred, or dim vision
  2. Increase Night Vision difficulty
  3. Sensitivity to light and glare
  4. Hall vision around light
  5. Fading or yellowing of color
  6. Double vision in a single eye
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11
Q

What are the assessments if Retinal Detachment??

A
  1. Floaters
  2. Light flashes
  3. Curtain vision
  4. *PAINLESS change in visual acuity
  5. Veil or Cobweb
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12
Q

What are the assessments Wet type of Macular degeneration??

A
  1. Straight lines appear wavy!
  2. QUICK loss of central vision!!!
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13
Q

What are the assessments DRY type of Macular degeneration??

A
  1. GRADUAL blurring & loss of central vision
  2. Difficulty Recognizing people
  3. Blurred spot in the central vision
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14
Q

What are the nutrition and macular degeneration??

A

Zinc
Zeaxanthin
Vitamin C&E
Lutein
Copper
Beta Carotene

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15
Q

Is Chronic open angle or Closed angle More common? Which is an WMERGENCY???

A
  • Chronic open angle - More common.
  • Acute closed angle- Sudden onset, an EMERGENCY!!!!
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16
Q

What are the possible etiologies of Acute Closed Angle!??!?????***

A

FFFAMO
1. Fam hx
2. Female
3. Far-sightedness
4. Asian
5. Older age
6. Meds:
- Adrenergic: Epinephrine
- Anticholinergic: Ateopine
- Drugs w/ Anticholinergic: Amitriptyline

17
Q

DOES PATIENTS WITH PENETRATING INJURIES HAVE POOR CHANCE OF RETAINING VISION??

A

YES!!!!!

18
Q

What should you do when you get Central Abrasion???

A
  1. Seek medical attention
  2. Rinse with Clean water or Saline solution
  3. BLINK SEVERAL TIMES
    • Pull upper eyelid over the lower eyelid
  5. DONT TRY TO TAKE EMBEDDED OBJECT
  6. DONT WEAR CONTACT LENSES UNTIL HEALED
  7. DONT RUB EYES AFTER INJURY OR DURING HEALING TIME
19
Q

What are the Beta blockers drug

A

Timolol, Cartelol, and Levobunolol

20
Q

What are the drugs of Alpha adrenergic agonists??

A

Apraxclonidine & Brimonidine

21
Q

ALPHA adrenergic agonist SHOULDNT BE COMBINE WITH????

A

NOT for patients taking MAOIs!!!!

22
Q

DRUGS THAT CAN DECREASE IOP for GLAUCOMA are what????

A

BETA BLOCKER AND PILOCARPINE!!!!!!

23
Q

WHAT ARE THE PATIENT CARE FOR HYPHEMA

A
  1. ELEVATE HOB
  2. BETA BLOCKER EYE DROPS
  3. AVOID MEDS THAT CAN CAUSE BLEEDING: NSAIDS AND ANTICOAGULANT
24
Q

WOULD YOU ALWAYS WANT TO ELEVATE HOB WITH EYE TRAUMA???

A

YASSSS

25
Q
A

ADULT Health (24 decks)

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