Extrinsic Motivation and internalization Flashcards
Extrinsic Motivation
“do this to get that” behavioral contract. Arises from environmental incentives and consequences such as food, money, praise ect.
Operant conditioning
the process by which a person learns how to operate effectively in the environment. (learning to engage in behaviors that produce attractive consequences)
what is the SRC model
Situation, response and consequence model.
incentive
environmental event that attracts or repels a person toward or away from initiating a particular course of action. (incentives always proceed behavior, in doing so it creates an expectation that attractive or unattractive consequences are forthcoming)
Reinforcer
any environmental object or events that increases behavior
Why do reinforces increase behavior
- Decreases drive
- Increases arousal
- Increases Arousal
- It is attractive to the person
- it feels good
- it makes it possible to do something fun
What are the three types of consequences?
Positive reinforcers, negative reinforcers and publishers
Positive reinforcer
any environmental stimulus that when presented increwases the future probability of the desired behavior. approval, paychecks and trophies are positive reinforcers
Rewards
An extrinsic rewards is any offering from one person given to another person in exchange for his or her service or achievement. Rewards sometimes do an do not work, rewards are best seen as potential motivators.
What is the distinction between rewards and reinforcers
he distinction is that all positive reinforcers are rewards, while only some rewards function as positive reinforcers (because not all rewards increase behavior). That is, rewards sometimes do and sometimes do not work.
Do rewards work
Rewards do work, rewards increase desired behavior, however as rewards become increasingly predictable they lose their trigger to trigger dopamine and hence lose their capacity to energize reward-directed behavior
Negative reinforcer
is any environmental stimulus that, when removed increases the future probability of the desired behavior. like positive reinforcers, negative reinforcers increase behavior. unlike positive reinforcers, negative reinforcers are aversive, irritating stimuli. e.g. alarm clock makes people get out of bed.
Punisher
any environmental stimulus that when presented decreases the future probability of the undesired behavior.
do punishers work?
no punishers do not work
Intrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation is the inherent desire to seek out novelty and challenge to explore and investigate, and to scratch and extend one capacaties. (people experience intrinsic motivation because they have psychological needs. intrinsic motivation is the expression of psychological need satisfaction
What does an individual that is intrinsically motivated do
the task the person is engaged in provides a steady stream of opportunities for the person to feel free (autonomy), effective (competence) and emotionally close (relatedness). When people feel these three they express their intrinsic motivation by saying things like thats fun
The hidden const of reward
Rewards adverse effect on intrinsic motivation