Extras for All

Question 1

Why is sexual selection more important than natural selection sometimes

Answer 1

Natural selection does not matter if they are not reproducing. You have to get chosen to reproduce.

Question 2

Why is mate guarding common in insects

Answer 2

females store sperm
the last male to copulate sires the most offspring

Question 3

Why might anisogamy evolve over time

Answer 3

eggs need resources/time
sperm needs many/mobility

Question 4

Direct benefits vs indirect benefits for females

Answer 4

protection, parental care, resources

quality, viable offspring

Question 5

Cuckoldry in Bluegills

Answer 5

Sneaker male secretly deposits sperm during other males copulation

Question 6

Trend with elephant seals

Answer 6

females prefer dominance

Question 7

Muscovy duck

Answer 7

Twisted vaginas

Question 8

Songbirds are mostly

Answer 8

socially monogamous

Question 9

Why do some birds remain genetically monogamous as opposed to socially monogamous

Answer 9

limitations, environmental pressures

Question 10

What resources do males protect

Answer 10

food, nests

Question 11

Why is polygyny common in mammals and social monogamy is more common in birds

Answer 11

mammals can improve reproductive success
bird young need support from both parents

Question 12

Why is lekking beneficial for males and females

Answer 12

males get all the matings
females get to choose who they mate with

Question 13

Implications of Lark Buntings

Answer 13

only choose polygyny when resources in that territory are very good (eggs need shade)

Question 14

Why is polyandry more beneficial for shorebirds

Answer 14

male shorebirds incubate the eggs

Question 15

Why is polyandry common in pipefish who’s males carry the young

Answer 15

female may have more eggs than one male can support

Question 16

promiscuity vs polygynandry

Answer 16

outside vs inside groups
male and females both have epcs

Question 17

T/F Mating systems are fluid

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

Dunnock mating system

Answer 18

females control the territories
one female can have two males
each male can have 2-3 females

Question 19

Which way do females most to least benefit? Males?

polyandry, monogamy, polygynandry, polygyny

Answer 19

males: right to left
females: left to right

Question 20

Who is winning sexual selection?

Answer 20

Females

Question 21

Altruistic suicide

Answer 21

letting yourself die for the benefit of the group or to preserve resources

Question 22

fitness

Answer 22

amount of genetic information you contribute to the next generation

Question 23

T/F haplodiploid is the only reason for eusociality and all eusocial animals are haplodiploid

Answer 23

FALSE

Question 24

Implications of the Briskie study

Answer 24

chicks competed more with those less related to them

Question 25

What taxa is siblicide common and why do birds succeed at it

Answer 25

birds, amphibians, mammals, insects bird eggs hatch at different times

Question 26

Tadpole study

Answer 26

tadpoles tried not to eat their kin, could taste if they were related, did eat them if they were hungry enough

Question 27

3 species characteristics that make reciprocal altruism more likely to occur

Answer 27

1. groups 2. same individuals 3. able to remember/recognize who helped you before

Question 28

Nests rely on ___ __ _____ and no nests rely on _____ ______

Answer 28

rule of thumb template matching

Question 29

most evolutionarily stable strategy

Answer 29

deciding what to do based off of what the other person did

Question 30

if you see them repeatedly.... if its random...

Answer 30

fluctuate based on them cooperate

Question 31

why are always defect and always cooperate bad when you see the same people

Answer 31

the lesser common always wins out so they will keep doing that

Question 32

byproduct mutualism usually occurs in....

Answer 32

harsh environments

Question 33

Why do beta manakin help alpha manakin

Answer 33

the females require more than one male in a display they know they will get their chance

Question 34

parasitic to mutualistic relationships

Answer 34

plants, pollinators, fish

Question 35

mutualistic to parasitic relationships

Answer 35

yucca plants

Question 36

Brood parasite taxa

Answer 36

birds, insects, fish

Question 37

interspecific (within) in always______ and conspecific is _____

Answer 37

obligate facultative

Question 38

most parasites we discussed are _____

Answer 38

obligate