Extras (: Flashcards
Three barriers to fertilization and their components
- Corona radiata: hyaluronic acid
- ZP: ZP proteins
- Oocyte plasma membrane: Izumo receptors
Four steps in implantation
Apposition, attachment, invasion, decidualization
Hormone that support mesonephric duct maintenance in fetus
Testosterone
What suppresses Sox9 in female fetus?
FoxL2
What forms the round L of the ovary and uterus?
Round L of the ovary: superior gubernaculum
Round L of the uterus: inferior gubernaculum
Two muscles of the urogenital diaphragm
External urethral sphincter, deep transverse perineal muscles
Internal and external urethral sphincter locations
Internal = preprostatic/neck of the bladder External = membranous
Path of pudendal artery and nerve
- Internal pudendal A -> perineal A -> posterior scrotal/labial A
- Pudendal N -> deep + superficial perineal NS -> superficial gives off posterior scrotal/labial N’s
10 nerves of the sacral plexus
- Superior gluteal
- Inferior gluteal
- N to quadratus femoris
- N to piriformis
- N to obturator internus
- Posterior femoral cutaneous
- Perforating cutaneous branches
- Pudendal
- Sciatic
- Pelvic splanchnic
Three shunts, path of blood, and what they bypass
- Ductus venosus: IVC/umbilical vein -> RA, bypassing liver
- Foramen ovale: RA->LA, bypassing RV
- Ductus arteriosus: pulmonary A -> aorta, bypassing lungs
HPL functions
Energy for mother, mammary gland development
What theca interna and mural granulosa cells produce
Theca interna: androstenedione
Mural granulosa: estrogen
Cells that produce activin and inhibin
Granulosa cells
PALM of AUB
- Polyps: from endometrium
- Adenomyosis: extension of endometrium into myometrium
- Leiomyoma: from myometrium
- Endometrial hyperplasia: endometrial growth from unopposed estrogen
Cytokine that supports decidual NK cells
IL-15
