9: Male Reproductive Histo

Question 1

Two main testes function

Answer 1

Spermatogenesis, secretion of testosterone

Question 2

Tunica albuginea histo

Answer 2

Dense CT capsule

Question 3

Tunica vaginalis two layers

Answer 3

Parietal layer: lines scrotum

Visceral layer: lines tunica albuginea

Question 4

Mediastinum testes

Answer 4

Posterior network of fibrous Ct from top to bottom of each testis

Question 5

Septa of testes

Answer 5

Creates 25-300 lobules where seminiferous tubules are housed

Question 6

Lobules in testes

Answer 6

Contain 1-4 convoluted seminiferous tubules lined with seminiferous ep

Question 7

Seven functions of Sertoli cells

Answer 7

1. Organize tubules
2. Contain crypts to support germ cells
3. Exchange/transport of metabolites and nutritive factors to nourish sperm
4. Secrete aqueous fluid into lumen to transport sperm thru tubules
5. Endocrine secretions
6. Phagocytose residual bodies and bad sperm cells
7. Blood-testes barrier

Question 8

Three major endocrine secretions of Sertoli cells

Answer 8

AMH, estradiol 17B, FSH

Question 9

Sertoli-sertoli junctional complex

Answer 9

Creates 5-+ parallel lines of fusion along basolateral membranes, dividing ep into basal and luminal compartments

Question 10

What type of sperm cells are in basal and luminal compartments

Answer 10

Basal: spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes
Luminal: primary spermatocytes, secondary, spermatids

Question 11

Head of sperm

Answer 11

Flattened nucleus, partially capped by acrosome

Question 12

Tail of sperm

Answer 12

Middle piece with mito + principle piece (longest) + end piece

Question 13

Sperm transport from testes

Answer 13

straight tubules -> rete testes -> efferent ductules -> epididymis -> ductus deferens -> ejaculatory duct -> urethra

Question 14

Where do sperm mostly mature?

Answer 14

Epididymis

Question 15

Where do sperm acquire forward motility?

Answer 15

Epididymis

Question 16

Epididymis ep

Answer 16

Pseudostratified columnar with long stereocilia

Question 17

Two cell types in epididymis ep

Answer 17

Principle cells (columnar, with stereocilia) + stem cells

Question 18

Smooth muscle of epididymis

Answer 18

Thin circular layers

Question 19

Tail region of epididymis smooth muscle

Answer 19

Has additional inner and outer longitudinal layers

Question 20

Ampulla of ductus deferens

Answer 20

Dilated portion that leads directly into prostate gland, storage site for sperm

Question 21

Distal end of ductus deferens

Answer 21

Receives ducts of seminal vesicle, forming ejaculatory ducts

Question 22

Epithelium of ductus deferens

Answer 22

Pseudostratified columnar ep with space stereocilia

Question 23

Smooth muscle of ductus deferens

Answer 23

Inner and outer longitudinal layers + middle circular layer

Question 24

External layer of ductus deferens

Answer 24

Loose CT and adipocytes

Question 25

All accessory glands are regulated by what?

Answer 25

Androgens (T and DHT)

Question 26

Seminal vesicles secretion

Answer 26

Alkaline secretion rich in fructose and prostaglandins

Question 27

Excretory duct of seminal vesicles

Answer 27

Penetrates prostate after joining ductus deferens -> ejaculatory ducts

Question 28

Seminal vesicles ep

Answer 28

Highly folded mucosa lined by pseudostratified columnar ep

Question 29

Smooth muscle of seminal vesicles

Answer 29

Inner circular and outer longitudinal smooth muscle

Question 30

Prostate gland

Answer 30

Collection of 30-50 tubuloacinar glands

Question 31

Corpora amylacea

Answer 31

Concretions in prostate gland lumen rich in glycoproteins and Ca deposits

Question 32

Fluid from prostate gland

Answer 32

Alkaline, rich in Zn, neutralizes acidic vaginal environment -> provides nutrients and transport to sperm

Question 33

Prostate gland epithelium

Answer 33

Simple columnar or pseudostratified ep

Question 34

BPH: benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 34

Parenchyma cells undergo hyperplasia -> modular masses of epithelial cells -> compresses prostatic urethra

Question 35

Bulbourethral gland

Answer 35

Pea-sized structures in urogenital diaphragm made of compound tubuloalveolar glands

Question 36

Bulbourethral gland ep

Answer 36

Simple columnar

Question 37

Bulbourethral gland secretions

Answer 37

Pre-seminal fluid -> lubricates penile urethra, neutralizes traces of acidic urine

Question 38

Erectile tissue of the penis histo

Answer 38

Irregular interconnected vascular sinuses with fibrocollagenous stroma