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Patient care II > Extraoral examinations > Flashcards

Extraoral examinations Flashcards

1
Q

Extraoral and intraoral exams must be preformed __ and __ to ensure that no parts are missed

A

Thoroughly and systematically

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2
Q

Exam classifications- Normal (WNL)

A

Found in most individuals

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3
Q

Exam classifications- Atypical

A

Not present in all individuals (variation of normal)

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4
Q

Exam classifications- Pathologic

A

Associated with infection, trauma, neoplastic growth, errors in development

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5
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis both sides

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6
Q

Paraparesis

A

Weakness on both sides

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7
Q

Ataxic gait presence of __ movements

A

Abnormal, uncoordinated

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8
Q

Ataxic gait describes __ and __ without reference to specific diseases

A

Signs, symptoms

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9
Q

Parkinson gait is motor disturbances- resting tremors and cause

A

-Tremor
-Rigidity
-Postural instability
-Hypokinesia

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10
Q

Parkinson’s Gait symptoms

A

-Moving slowly
-Taking jerky steps
-Small and shuffled steps

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11
Q

Wheelchair transfer leave in __ if possible

A

Wheelchair (more room in private practice)

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12
Q

Wheelchair transfer steps

A

-Position wheelchair as close as possible
-Lock wheels in place
-Fold footrests out of way
-Ask patient what works best (lift under armpits, hold onto belt in back)
-Use your legs

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13
Q

what does this picture show?

A

kyphosis

seen in marfan sydrome

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14
Q

Six facial landmarks

A

-Outer canthus
-Inner canthus
-Ala
-Philthrum
-Tragus
-Nasion

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15
Q

what is 1

A

outer canthus

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16
Q

what is 2

A

inner canthus

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17
Q

what is 3

A

ala

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18
Q

what is 4

A

philtrum

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19
Q

what is 5

A

tragus

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20
Q

what is 6

A

nasion

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21
Q

Prognathic an extension or bulging out of the __ __

A

Lower mandible (class 3)

Pro Pushed out

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22
Q

Retrognathic deficient __ growth, deficient in the __ plane of growth

A

Mandible, AP (mandible sets back a little bit)

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23
Q

what is this?

A

basal cell carcinoma

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24
Q

what is this?

A

basal cell carcinoma

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25
Q

Basal cell characteristics

A

-Middle 2/3 of face
-Won’t heal
-Usually, benign

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26
Q

there are more than ____ cases of basal cell carcinoma in the US per year

A

3 million

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27
Q

what is the most common cancer (listed in the pp)

A

basal cell carcinoma

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28
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma characteristics

A

-Irregular borders
-Crusty surface
-Persistent thick rough scaly

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29
Q

What cancer comprises 90% of all oral cancers?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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30
Q

what is shown here?

A

squamous cell

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31
Q

what is this?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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32
Q

Melanoma characteristics

A

-Multiple colors
-Irregular borders
-Flat or slight raised borders, asymmetrical
-Highly infiltrative

33
Q

what is shown here?

A

melanoma

34
Q

what is shown here?

A

melanoma

35
Q

Nodular
melanomas are __
lesions that
have only a
__ growth

A

Aggressive, vertical

36
Q

Ptosis is

A

lid lag

sometimes sign of stroke

37
Q

if someone has excess space between there eyes

A

Ocular hypertelorism

38
Q

what is a sign of hyperthyrodism ?

A

exophthalmos

39
Q

Cervical lymph nodes list

A

-Submental
-Submandibular
-Tonsillar/ jugulodigastric
-Preauricular
-Postauricular
-Occipital
-Ant. cervical chain
-Supraclavocular
-Post. cervical chain

40
Q

what is 1

A

submental

41
Q

what is 2

A

submandibular

42
Q

what is 3

A

tonsillar/jugullodigastric

43
Q

what is 4

A

preauricular

44
Q

what is 5

A

postauricular

45
Q

what is 6

A

occipital

46
Q

what is 7

A

ant. cervical chain

47
Q

what is 8

A

supraclavicular

48
Q

what is 9

A

post cervical chain

49
Q

Cervical lymph nodes-
Submental- Just below the __

A

Chin

50
Q

Cervical lymph nodes-
Submandibular- __ nodes, beneath the body of the __

A

3-6, mandible

51
Q

Cervical lymph nodes-
Tonsillar/Jugulodigastric-
Tends to be some of they
__ lymph nodes in the cervical chain due to their significant lymphatic __. It does __ in size with age in a cancer free patient

A

Largest, drainage, decrease

52
Q

Cervical lymph nodes-
Anterior cervical chain- Nodes that lie both on top and beneath the __ muscles (SCM) on either side of the neck, from the angle of the __ to the top of the __

A

Sternocleidomastoid, mandible, clavicle

53
Q

Cervical lymph nodes-
Supraclavicular- In the __ above the clavicle,
just __ to where it joins the sternum

A

Hollow, lateral

54
Q

Cervical lymph nodes-
Posterior cervical chain-Extends in a line __ to the SCM but in front of the __

A

Posterior, trapezius

55
Q

Thyroid gland is inferior to the __ and just superior to the __

A

Larynx, clavicles

56
Q

Thyroid gland is most often not __

A

Palpable

57
Q

Healthy lymph node characteristics

A

-Soft like a grape
-Moveable

58
Q

Swollen lymph node characteristics

A

-Firm
-Fixed (attached)

59
Q

Lymph node clues to routine swelling from recent infection

A

-Tender
-Mobile
-Viral infection
-Bilateral (not always)
-Predictable locations
-Long duration without change

60
Q

where is it most common to have lmpthadenopathy?

A

cervical

head and neck

61
Q

what is an infection of the parotid gland?

A

mumps

62
Q

Marfan’s syndrome characteristics

A

-CT disorder
-Tall and thin
-Wingspan> height
-Chest concavity
-Scoliosis
-Dilation of aorta*

63
Q

Lip landmarks

A

-Philtrum
-Vermillion border
-Commisures (angles, corners)
-Lower lip
-Labial commissure

64
Q

Lip abnormalities

A

-Herpes
-Angular cheilitis
-Lip biting
-Traumatic fibrona

65
Q

Angular cheilitis-
-__ of mouth
-Usually, __

A

Corners, candida

66
Q

TMD general

A

-Collection of symptoms
-Common in adults but becoming more common in children

67
Q

TMD affects ____ of the US

A

20%

68
Q

TMD is more common in

A

women (85.4%)

69
Q

TMD symptoms-

A

-Tinnitus
-Insomnia
-Neck ache
-Sensitive teeth
-Headaches
-Joint pain

70
Q

what is one of the 1st signs of bruxism?

A

teeth become sensitive to hot and cold

71
Q

TMD causes-

A

-Malocclusion
-Arthritis
-Trauma
-Stimulants
-Stress
-Bruxism
-Clenching

MATSS BC

72
Q

TMD diagnostic classes-

A

-Muscles
-Soft tissue
-Hard tissue

73
Q

Reffered pain-
-Masseter= generally __ teeth

A

posterior

l -M- n-o- P

74
Q

Reffered pain-
-Temporalis= generally __ teeth

A

AnTerior

TemporAlis

75
Q

TMD exam-

A

-Widened PDL
-Excessive mobility
-Migration
-Buccal mucosal ridging
-Inspect face, jaws, dental arches
-Lateral tongue scalloping

76
Q

Night guards used to-
-Redistribute __ forces
-Relax the __ muscles and stabilize the joint
-Protect __ and dental work

A

-Occlusal
-Masticatory
-Dentition

77
Q

TMD meds

A

-Anti- inflammatory (NSAIDs)
-Anti- anxiety
-Muscle relaxers
-Botox (not FDA approved)

78
Q

TMD treatment-

A

-Physical therapy
-Night guard
-Hot/old compress
-Medication
-Soft food
-Reduce jaw movement
-Surgery (rare)

79
Q

Pterygoid muslces

A

-Lateral pterygoid
-Medial pterygoid
-Mandible

Patient care II (12 decks)

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