extradural haemorrhage

Question 1

what is the main cause of extradural haemorrhage?

Answer 1

o Impact to the temporal region leading to rupture of the middle meningeal artery
o often low impact blow to the period region

Question 2

risk factors of a extradural haemorrhage?

Answer 2

o Bleeding tendency

Question 3

epidemiology of an extradural haemorrhage?

Answer 3

● Most commonly seen in YOUNG ADULTS

Question 4

what are the presenting symptoms of extradural haemorrhage?

Answer 4

● Head injury with temporary loss of consciousness
● Followed by lucid interval
● progressive deterioration in conscious level as the ICP rises
● Increasingly severe headache, vomiting, confusion

Question 5

signs of extradural haemorrhage?

Answer 5

●	Scalp trauma 
●	Headache 
●	Deteriorating GCS 
●	Signs of raised ICP
●	Cushing's Reflex

Question 6

what may happen to the pupil?

Answer 6

o Hypertension
o Bradycardia
o Irregular breathing

Question 7

investigation for a extradural haemorrhage?

Answer 7

● Urgent CT Scan

Question 8

features of the CT?

Answer 8

o Will appear biconvex on the imaging
o may also get a contracoup injury on opposite side
o Look for features of raised ICP