Extractives

Question 1

Unmodified natural preparations of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, or minerals that are used for the prevention or treatment of an ailment or disease.

Answer 1

Crude Drug

Question 2

Product of extraction procedure

Answer 2

Extractives

Question 3

A substance or an active substance with desirable properties removed from the tissues of a plant, frequently by treating it with a solvent, to be used for a particular purpose.

Answer 3

Extractives

Question 4

The amount of extractives, which a drug yields to a given solvent, is a measure of the amount of certain constituents or group of related constituents, which the drug contains.

Answer 4

Extractives

Question 5

In some cases, the amount of drug soluble in a given solvent is an index of its ?

Answer 5

index of its purity

Question 6

It is important that the solvent used will NOT ________ appreciable quantities of substances other than those sought in the extraction.

Answer 6

dissolve

Question 7

• Low toxicity
• Ease of evaporation
• Rapid physiologic absorption of the extract
• Preservative action
• Inert - inability to cause complex

Answer 7

Properties of good solvent

Question 8

EXTRACTION METHODS

Answer 8

MACERATION
PERCOLATION
DIGESTION
INFUSION
DECOCTION
ENFLEURAGE
CONTINUOUS EXTRACTION

Question 9

This is generally used for extraction with volatile solvents where SMALL QUANTITIES of a DRUG are extracted.

Answer 9

Soxhlet apparatus

Question 10

Solvent used for resinous matter is ?

Answer 10

alcohol

Question 11

For fats and fixed oils, extraction is by continuous extraction.

Answer 11

Hexane

Question 12

For resins, fixed oils, coloring matter and crude fiber, extraction is by continuous extraction.

Answer 12

Ether

Question 13

The __________________ of a drug (plant cell wall) is the residue consisting chiefly of cellulose, (hemicellulose and lignin) that remains undissolved after successive treatment with boiling acid and alkali.

Answer 13

crude fiber content

Question 14

Are a huge group of naturally occurring organic compounds synthesized as secondary metabolites. They are stored in each part of the plant-leaves, stem, root, and fruits of plants.

Answer 14

Extractive: Alkaloids

Question 15

Extractive: Alkaloids structure includes ?

Answer 15

nitrogen atom or atoms (amino or amido)

these nitrogen atoms cause ALKALINITY of these compounds

Question 16

Alkaloids can react with acids and then form salts, just like __________?

Answer 16

inorganic alkalis

Question 17

This is prepared by slowly adding 10% solution of potassium iodide to red mercuric iodide until almost all the red mercuric iodide is dissolved. The excess mercuric iodide is then removed by filtration. This reagent forms a white precipitate.

Answer 17

Mercuric Iodide TS (Valser’s Reagent)

Question 18

Mercuric Iodide TS is commonly known as?

Answer 18

Valser’s Reagent

Question 19

This is a solution containing iodine and potassium iodide dissolved in distilled water. A 0.1-N Iodine solution may be employed. Wagner’s Reagent yields a reddish or red-brown precipitate.

Answer 19

Iodine TS (Wagner’s Reagent)

Question 20

Iodine TS is commonly known as?

Answer 20

Wagner’s Reagent

Question 21

This is a solution of 1.358g of mercuric chloride in 60 ml of water with 5 g of KI in 10 ml of water and the mixture diluted to 100 ml. This reagents gives white or slightly yellow precipitates with dilute solution of alkaloids

Answer 21

Mercuric Potassium Iodide (Mayer’s Reagent)

Question 22

Mercuric Potassium Iodide is commonly known as?

Answer 22

Mayer’s Reagent