Extraction Flashcards
The separation of a mixture by extraction is based on ______
Freezing
Leaching
Solubility
answer C
A mixture of oil and water is an example of what kind of mixture?
homogeneous
heterogeneous
miscible
answer B
Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
Salt and water
Olive oil and balsamic vinegar
answer A
a solution is a homogeneous mixture
true
false
answer A
In a sugar-water solution, the sugar is the:
Solvent
Solute
answer B
When might extraction be preferable to distillation to separate two components?
When the components have very close boiling points
When the components have significantly different boiling points
answer A
What is the term for extracting something from a solid mixture using a liquid solvent?
adsorption
emulsion
leaching
answer C
Which type of extraction is most common in industry?
solid-liquid
liquid-liquid
answer B
The part of a liquid mixture remaining after soluble components have been extracted by a solvent is called ________.
miscible
carrier solvent
raffinate
answer C
Which molecules have partial positive and negative charges due to an uneven distribution of electrons?
Polar
non-polar
answer A
In a two-phase liquid system, what is the liquid that is distributed in droplets into another liquid?
Continuous phase
dispersed phase
the counter flow
answer b
________ extraction columns/towers use paddles, baffles, and impellers.
Tray
Mechanical
Packed
answer B
What is the downside of using a low feed rate in an extraction tower?
Decreased throughput
Higher extraction solvent cost
answer A
What is the main advantage of a change in temperature that widens the difference in densities between the feed and extracting solvent?
Allows the light and heavy phases to layer out more easily
Saves costs for extracting solvent
answer A
What is typically controlled by adjusting the flow out the bottom of the extraction tower?
the pressure
the mixing rate
the interface level
answer C
In order for liquid-liquid extraction to be effective, the solute must be more soluble in the extracting solvent than the carrier solvent.
True
False
answer A
In order for liquid-liquid extraction to be effective, the extracting solvent must be very soluble in the carrier solvent.
True
False
answer B
What is the function of a coalescing filter?
To assist in the separation of two components, such as a gas and a liquid, or oil and water
To help form emulsions
answer A
What is saturation?
A condition in which a solution containing a solvent and solute has the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved by the solvent
A condition in which the temperature inside the tower exceeds its boiling point and creates a potentially dangerous overpressure situation
answer A
Fluids consisting of a mixture of two phases, such as a mixture of oil and water, in which one liquid forms small droplets suspended in the other liquid are called
emulsions
carrier solvents
answer A
What can form at the interface in an extraction system from solid substances floating at the interface?
Dead leg
a clog
a rag layer
answer C
For some extractions containing an aqueous layer and an organic layer, process upsets may accidentally cause ________ to be carried out with the water and cause environmental issues if not treated properly.
sight glass
pressure gauge
sampling valve
answer A
For some extractions containing an aqueous layer and an organic layer, process upsets may accidentally cause ________ to be carried out with the water and cause environmental issues if not treated properly.
Boiling water
organic materials
super chilled water
answer B
In the case study, following its investigation of the massive fire in a propane de-asphalting unit, the Chemical Safety Board’s (CSB) findings indicated the absence of what important safety tools?
Remotely operable shut-off valves (ROSOVs)
blanketing foam
answer A
What is an example of homogeneous mixture
Salt and water
Oil and water
