chapter 10 Flashcards
What is the term for the vessel in which chemical reactions take place?
reactor
stripper
extractor
answer A
How do processing units convert raw materials into new products with more desirable properties
Through manufacturers’ product exchanges
Through chemical reactions
answer B
What are chemical reactions?
Chemical changes in which one or more new substances are formed
Chemical interactions that change only the volume of the substances involved
Chemical interactions that leave the chemical makeup of substances unchanged
answer A
What is required to break existing chemical bonds?
Energy must be removed.
Energy must be added, and the molecules must collide.
answer B
All matter is composed of building blocks called ________.
elements
constituents
ingredients
answer A
What is the term for substances formed by joining two or more elements?
compounds
isotopes
isotopes
answer A
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
Dissolving sugar into water
Digestion of food
answer B
In a typical chemical equation, what is listed on the left-hand side of the equation?
Only compounds
Reactants
Only elements
answer B
How do you know when a chemical equation is balanced?
Same number of atoms of each element on both sides
Same total number of atoms on both sides
answer A
Which of the following is a balanced chemical equation?
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
answer A
Which format represents a double displacement reaction
AB + CD → AD + CB
A + B → AB
answer A
Which of the following is the format for a decomposition reaction equation?
AB → A + B
AB + C → AC + B
answer A
Which of the following is the format representing a combination reaction equation?
AB + C → AC + B
A + B → AB
answer B
What type of reaction is: BaCO3 –> BaO + CO2
decomposition
single replacement
answer A
What type of reaction is: Fe + S –> FeS
combination
single replacement
answer A
What type of reaction is: CaCl2 + 2 AgNO3 –> Ca(NO3)2 + 2 AgCl
combination
double replacement
answer B
What type of reaction is: Ca + 2HCl –> CaCl2 + H2
decomposition
single replacement
answer B
Mg + 2HCI + = MgCl2 + H2
Single Replacement
Double Replacement
answer A
What is the term for the difference in energy levels between the reactants and the products?
Heat of reaction
Heat of vaporization
answer A
A reaction that gives off heat as it progresses is called:
Isothermic
Exothermic
answer B
A Reaction that requires cooling during operation to maintain constant temperature is:
Exothermic
Endothermic
answer A
A reaction that gives off heat faster than the cooling system can remove the heat is an example of which kind of reaction?
Hypothermic
Runway
answer B
A runaway reaction can occur with both exothermic and endothermic reactions.
True
False
answer B
Photosynthesis is an example of which kind of reaction?
Endothermic
Exothermic
answer A
What is the term for the energy added to get the reaction started?
Activation Energy
Heat of reaction
answer A
What key variable in reactor operation represents the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds?
Reaction rate
reaction energy
answer A
Higher temperature causes reaction rates to:
Increase
Decrease
Stay the same
answer A
Pressure has the strongest effect on reactions that take place in which phase?
solid
gas
liquid
answer B
More mixing causes reaction rates to:
increase
decrease
stay the same
answer A
Higher concentrations causes reaction rates to:
increase
decrease
answer A
Increasing residence time has what effect on conversion?
increases conversion
decreases conversion
answer A
In which reactors are reactants carefully measured and controlled, added to the reactor, reacted, and then removed as a single load?
Batch reactors
Continuous reactors
answer A
Reactors in which reactants enter a hollow tube or pipe and react as they flow through the tube before coming out the other end as product are referred to as ________.
tubular reactors
batch reactors
answer A
What type of reactor is a furnace?
batch
tubular
answer C
