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Histology Block 1 > Extracellular Matrix > Flashcards

Extracellular Matrix Flashcards

1
Q

what are the components of the matrix?

A
  1. Tissue Fluid
  2. Ground Substance
  3. Fibers
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2
Q

What is the tissue fluid?

A

solution similar to blood plasma by without the proteins

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3
Q

what are the ground substance of the matrix?

A

polar molecules which hold water forming a gel.

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4
Q

what type of fibers are found in the matrix?

A

reticular, collagenous, elastic

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5
Q

what are the components of the gound substance of the matrix?

A

GAG’s

Proteoglycans

Glycoproteins

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6
Q

What are GAG’s?

A

sugar chains with and amino residue

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7
Q

what are proteoglycans?

A

GAG’s linked to protein backbone

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8
Q

What are glycoproteins?

A

long polypeptides with extensive sugar chains

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9
Q

Give 3 example of GAG’s

A

Hyaluronic Acid

Choindrotin sulfate

Dermatan sulfate

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10
Q

Give 1 example of Proteoglycan

A

Aggrecan

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11
Q

Give 2 example of glycoprotein

A

Fibronectin

Laminin

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12
Q

What do embryonic mesenchymal cells produce?

A

produce extracellular matrix which is mostly ground substance with hyaluronan

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13
Q

what is hyaluronic acid used for?

A

cell migration

lubricaiton of joints

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14
Q

what are the adhesive glycoproteins that anchor the cell to the extracellular matrix?

A

fibronectin and laminin

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15
Q

What is the most abundant type of collagen?

A

type 1

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16
Q

what type of collagen is this?

A

type 1

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17
Q

where do we find collagen type 1?

A

skin

tendon

vasculature

organs

bone

18
Q

how does collagen type 1 stain?

A

acidophillic

19
Q

how does collagen type 2 stain?

A

basophillic

20
Q

where do we find collagen type 2?

A

cartilage

21
Q

where do we find collagen type 3?

A

reticulate

22
Q

how do you stain type 3 collagen?

A

silver stain

23
Q

how does collagen type 4 stain?

A

acidophillic

24
Q

what type of collagen is this?

A

type 1

25
Q

what type of collagen is this?

A

type 2

26
Q

what type of collagen is this?

A

type 3

27
Q

what type of collagen is this?

A

type 4

28
Q

What does a developing fiber consist of?

A

small microfibrils

29
Q

what is a microfibril composed of?

A

glycoprotein fibrillin

30
Q

who makes fibrillin?

A

fibroblasts

31
Q

how does elastic fibers form?

A

you have a developing fiber made of microfibrils, and elastin gets added to the developing fiber accumulating in the center.

The center of the fiber retains fibrillin microfibrils at the surface.

32
Q

identify

elastin

collagen

fibrillin microfibrils

A

big black spot = elastin

dark round spots = collagen

spots next to big black spots = microfibrils

33
Q

Identify which is collagen and which is elastin.

A

Elastin is in the center and collagen are the dark spots on the right (looks like dots)

34
Q

Why does Marfa’s occurs?

A

due to a mutation in the gene that codes for fibrillin (FBN-1)

35
Q

What do you see in a patient with Marfan’s?

A

SHE

Skeletal = long, disproportionate bones, hypermobile joints

Heart = dilatation of the aorta

Eyes = detached lens

36
Q

What are the intercellular junctions? What do they do?

A

Tight junctions: unique to epithelium; doesnt allow passage of fluids

Anchoring junctions: connects the cell to neighboring cells (through desmosomes or zonula adherens)

Gap junctions: allows passage of molecules between cells

37
Q

identify the zonula adherens, zonula occludens, desmosome

A

first: zonula occludens
second: zonula adherens
third: desmosomes

38
Q

what is the basal lamina?

A

it underlies the epithelium

thin sheet of specialized extracellular material that underlies epithelial cells thereby separating them from connective tissue

39
Q

All basal lamina is made with these two types of tissue.

A

laminin and type 4 collagen

40
Q

what is this structure?

A

basal lamina

41
Q

the basal lamina serves as a barrier against what?

A

against carcinoma in situ, doesnt allow cancer cells to spread to other parts of the cell

Histology Block 1 (7 decks)

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