Extracellular Matrix

Question 1

what are the components of the matrix?

Answer 1

1. Tissue Fluid
2. Ground Substance
3. Fibers

Question 2

What is the tissue fluid?

Answer 2

solution similar to blood plasma by without the proteins

Question 3

what are the ground substance of the matrix?

Answer 3

polar molecules which hold water forming a gel.

Question 4

what type of fibers are found in the matrix?

Answer 4

reticular, collagenous, elastic

Question 5

what are the components of the gound substance of the matrix?

Answer 5

GAG’s

Proteoglycans

Glycoproteins

Question 6

What are GAG’s?

Answer 6

sugar chains with and amino residue

Question 7

what are proteoglycans?

Answer 7

GAG’s linked to protein backbone

Question 8

What are glycoproteins?

Answer 8

long polypeptides with extensive sugar chains

Question 9

Give 3 example of GAG’s

Answer 9

Hyaluronic Acid

Choindrotin sulfate

Dermatan sulfate

Question 10

Give 1 example of Proteoglycan

Answer 10

Aggrecan

Question 11

Give 2 example of glycoprotein

Answer 11

Fibronectin

Laminin

Question 12

What do embryonic mesenchymal cells produce?

Answer 12

produce extracellular matrix which is mostly ground substance with hyaluronan

Question 13

what is hyaluronic acid used for?

Answer 13

cell migration

lubricaiton of joints

Question 14

what are the adhesive glycoproteins that anchor the cell to the extracellular matrix?

Answer 14

fibronectin and laminin

Question 15

What is the most abundant type of collagen?

Answer 15

type 1

Question 16

what type of collagen is this?

Answer 16

type 1

Question 17

where do we find collagen type 1?

Answer 17

skin

tendon

vasculature

organs

bone

Question 18

how does collagen type 1 stain?

Answer 18

acidophillic

Question 19

how does collagen type 2 stain?

Answer 19

basophillic

Question 20

where do we find collagen type 2?

Answer 20

cartilage

Question 21

where do we find collagen type 3?

Answer 21

reticulate

Question 22

how do you stain type 3 collagen?

Answer 22

silver stain

Question 23

how does collagen type 4 stain?

Answer 23

acidophillic

Question 24

what type of collagen is this?

Answer 24

type 1

Question 25

what type of collagen is this?

Answer 25

type 2

Question 26

what type of collagen is this?

Answer 26

type 3

Question 27

what type of collagen is this?

Answer 27

type 4

Question 28

What does a developing fiber consist of?

Answer 28

small microfibrils

Question 29

what is a microfibril composed of?

Answer 29

glycoprotein fibrillin

Question 30

who makes fibrillin?

Answer 30

fibroblasts

Question 31

how does elastic fibers form?

Answer 31

you have a developing fiber made of microfibrils, and elastin gets added to the developing fiber accumulating in the center. The center of the fiber retains fibrillin microfibrils at the surface.

Question 32

identify elastin collagen fibrillin microfibrils

Answer 32

big black spot = elastin dark round spots = collagen spots next to big black spots = microfibrils

Question 33

Identify which is collagen and which is elastin.

Answer 33

Elastin is in the center and collagen are the dark spots on the right (looks like dots)

Question 34

Why does Marfa's occurs?

Answer 34

due to a mutation in the gene that codes for fibrillin (FBN-1)

Question 35

What do you see in a patient with Marfan's?

Answer 35

SHE Skeletal = long, disproportionate bones, hypermobile joints Heart = dilatation of the aorta Eyes = detached lens

Question 36

What are the intercellular junctions? What do they do?

Answer 36

Tight junctions: unique to epithelium; doesnt allow passage of fluids Anchoring junctions: connects the cell to neighboring cells (through desmosomes or zonula adherens) Gap junctions: allows passage of molecules between cells

Question 37

identify the zonula adherens, zonula occludens, desmosome

Answer 37

first: zonula occludens second: zonula adherens third: desmosomes

Question 38

what is the basal lamina?

Answer 38

it underlies the epithelium thin sheet of specialized extracellular material that underlies epithelial cells thereby separating them from connective tissue

Question 39

All basal lamina is made with these two types of tissue.

Answer 39

laminin and type 4 collagen

Question 40

what is this structure?

Answer 40

basal lamina

Question 41

the basal lamina serves as a barrier against what?

Answer 41

against carcinoma in situ, doesnt allow cancer cells to spread to other parts of the cell