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Histology Block 1 > Cells 1 > Flashcards

Cells 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the fluid mosaic model display?

A

lipid bilayer

integral/peripheral proteins

glycoproteins

transport across membrane

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2
Q

what is endocytosis?

A

taking up material from the outside and bringing it inside the cell

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3
Q

what are the 3 types of endocytosis?

A

1) phagocytosis
2) pinocytosis
3) receptor mediated endocytosis

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4
Q

what is phagocytosis?

A

take up of solid material from the outside to inside

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5
Q

what is pinocytosis?

A

take up of water form the outside

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6
Q

what is receptor mediated endocytosis?

A

taking up specific material

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7
Q

What is the structure of the mitochondria?

A

outer membrane

intermembrane space

inner membrane

cristae

matrix

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8
Q

what is the function of the mitochondria?

how do they stain?

A

powerhouse of the cell (ATP)

stain red, eosinophillic

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9
Q

what is this?

A

mitochondria

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10
Q

Mitochondrial diseases cause what mainly?

what is the primary target of mitochondrial diseases?

A

a decrase in production of ATP, increase in lactic acid

heart and brain

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11
Q

what is the structure of the RER?

what is the function of RER?

A

folds studded with ribosomes

they help with glycosylation of proteins

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12
Q

what is the structure of the SER?

what is the function of SER?

A

smooth folds

they help with detox and lipid synthesis, metabolism of carbohydrates

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13
Q

what type of microscopy is this?

A

TEM

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14
Q

how is the RNA in ribosomes stained?

A

basophilic

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15
Q

what is the esosinophilic structure here?

A

mitochondria

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16
Q

What is the function of the golgi complex?

A

packaging and transport (redistribution) to other parts of cell

Also helps with exocytosis

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17
Q

what do lysosomes do?

A

they are in charge of degradation by enzymes

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18
Q

what organelle is this?

A

lysosomes

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19
Q

what is lipofuscin?

A

when material cant be degraded by lysosome and stays a while

20
Q

what organelle is this?

A

lysosome

21
Q

What is a proteosome?

A

degrade damaged or unneeded proteins by tagging them with ubiquitin

22
Q

What are 3 ubiquitin proteosome disorders?

A

astrocytomas

parkinson’s (lewy bodies)

alzheimers (amyloid)

23
Q

What is the structure indicated by the arrow?

A

peroxisomes

24
Q

What do peroxisomes do?

A

they break down very long fatty acid chains

they make myelin

25
Q

What is this structure?

A

peroxisomes

26
Q

What are the main 3 components of the cytoskeleton?

A

1) microfilaments
2) intermediate filaments
3) microtubules

27
Q

What are microfilaments made of?

A

actin dimers

28
Q

what do microtubules do?

A

hollow tubes that move organelles, vesicles and ribosomes

29
Q

What are microtubules made off?

A

alpha and beta tubulin dimers that form protofilaments

(alpha is - end; beta is + end)

30
Q

towards what end is there elongation in a microtubule?

A

towards the postitive since the negative end is capped

31
Q

What are the molecular motors?

A

kinesin (form - to +; to periphery)

dyenin (from + to negative; from periphery to cell)

32
Q

What structure contains a 9+2 conformation?

A

cilia

33
Q

how are microtubules in centrioles organized?

A

nine triplets

34
Q

What is actin?

A

are thin filaments of globular or filamentous protein than anchor membrane proteins.

35
Q

what do actin filaments aid in?

A

they stiffen microvilli, aiding in absorption

36
Q

What are the 5 different intermediate filaments?

A
  1. tonofilaments
  2. vimentin
  3. desmin
  4. neurofilaments
  5. glial filaments
37
Q

Where do tonofilements come from?

A

from epithelium

38
Q

where does vimentin come from?

A

mesenchymal cells

39
Q

where does desmin come from?

A

from muscle cells

40
Q

where do neurofilements come from?

A

neurons

41
Q

where do glial filaments come from?

A

from glial cells

42
Q

Give an example of where do we find tonofilaments?

A

keratinizing and non-keratinizing epithelia

43
Q

Give an example of where we can find vimentin?

A

fibroblast, chondroblast, osteoblast, macrophages

44
Q

give an example of where we can find desmin?

A

striated and smooth muscle

45
Q

give an example of where we can find neurofilaments?

A

neurons

46
Q

give an example of where we can find glial filaments?

A

astrocytes

Histology Block 1 (7 decks)

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