Extra Geodesy Flashcards
___________radiation is classified by wavelength into radio wave, microwave, terahertz (or sub millimeter) radiation, infrared, the visible region that is perceived as light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The satellite is moving around the Earth’s poles from north to south across the sky. Most satellite do not orbit in a true north-to-south direction but in an orbit that is inclined from 8 to 10 degrees. As a result, is passes over the same point only after several days.
Polar/Sun synchronous
A satellite in this orbit lies on the plane of the Earth’s equator and travels at the same angular velocity or is synchronous with the rotation of the Earth such that it has a constant view of a part of the Earth at all times. The satellite appears stationary with respect to the Earth’s surface.
Geostationary/Geosynchronous Orbit
Employs a sensor with a narrow field of view (IFOV) that sweeps over the terrain to built-up and produce a two dimensional image of the surface
Scanning System
GNSS Satellite signals ___ penetrate metal, buildings or trees and are susceptible to signal _______ errors where passing thru leaves, glass, plastic and other materials.
a. Cannot, filtering
b. Can, delay
c. Cannot, delay
d. Can, filtering
c. Cannot, delay
GPS receiver directly generates 3-D coordinates in _______ coordinate frame such as ______.
a. Geocentric, WGS84
b. Geodetic, WGS84
c. Geocentric, PRS92
d.Geodetic, PRS92
b. Geodetic, WGS84
If h=+60.95 meters and the geiod undulation, w, is equal to +35.38 meters, calculate the orthometric height, H, in meters, of point.
a. 25.57
b. 27.42
c. 27.24
d. 26.42
a. 25.57
Generally, __________ GPS survey methods are employed when baseline length are greater than __________ miles.
a. Kinematic, 12
b. Static, 22
c. Static, 12
d. Kinematic, 22
c. Static, 12
A geodetic level _____ consist of lines of spirit leveling connected together to form a system of _____ extending over an area.
a. Net, loops
b. Frame, triangle
c. Net, Triangle
d. Frame, loops
a. Net, loops
In transforming geodetic and grid azimuth the geodetic direction projected into a plane is actually a _______ line, rather than a straight line, thus, the need for the _______ correction.
a. Spiral, arc to chord
b. Curved, chord to arc
c. Curved, arc to chord
d. Spiral, chord to arc
c. Curved, arc to chord
The curvature correction in cm/km is ____.
a. 7.6
b. 7.2
c. 7.9
d. 7.5
c. 7.9
A ______ error will always have the same magnitude and _____ algebraic sign under the same condition.
a. Systematic, different
b. Random, different
c. Random, the same
d. Systematic, the same
d. Systematic, the same
The earth’s gravity is measured with a _____, while absolute position on the earth’s surface are measured with a _____.
a. Seismometer, total station
b. Seismometer, GNSS receiver
c. Gravimeter, GNSS receiver
d. Gravimeter, total station
Gravimeter, GNSS receiver
Satellite ______ refers to the position of the GNSS…… relative to _____ from the view of the receiver.
a. Constellation, each other
b. Constellation, the earth
c. Geometry, the earth
d. Geometry, each other
d. Geometry, each other
______ is the arc between the celestial body and the _____.
a. Declination, north pole
b. Altitude, south pole
c. Declination, celestial equator
d. Altitude, north pole
c. Declination, celestial equator
The equipotential surface to which, at every point, the plumb-line is ____ is called ____.
a. Parallel, geoid
b. Perpendicular, ellipsoid
c. Parallel ellipsoid
d. Perpendicular, geoid
d. Perpendicular, geoid
In the classical spherical coordinates called geometric coordinates, consisting of longitude, geocentric latitude, and distance from the center of an ellipsoid, the x-coordinate is equal to the product of distance ( r ) and _____.
a. Sin phi sin longitude
b. Cos phi sin longitude
c. Cos phi cos longitude
d. Sin phi cos longitude
c. Cos phi cos longitude
Each GPS satellite periodically transmit a broadcast ____ describing its _____ position through the near future, uploaded on the control segment.
a. Almanac, predicted
b. Almanac, actual
c. Ephemeris, predicted
d. Ephemeris, actual
c. Ephemeris, predicted
The reference datum of elevation obtained by GNSS receiver is ____, while that obtained by conventional geodetic leveling is _____.
a. Geoid ellipsoid
b. Ellipsoid, mean ground elevation
c. Ellipsoid, geoid
d. Geoid, mean ground elevation
c. Ellipsoid, geoid
The radius of curvature of the ellipsoid varies with the latitude being longest at the _____ and the shortest at the _____.
a. Equator, pole
b. Pole, meridian
c. Equator, meridian
d. Pole, equator
d. Pole, equator
In geodetic astronomy, the complementary angle of ______ in the hour angle system is the _______ distance.
a. Declination, altitude
b. Altitude, declination
c. Declination, polar
d. Declination, zenith
c. Declination, polar
The combined effect of earth curvatures and atmospheric refraction in meters, is expressed as _____ D^2 where D is the distance from a point of tangency at the observer’s position in _______ .
a. 0.0675, miles
b. 0.0675, kilometers
c. 0.0765, miles
d. 0.0765 kilometers
b. 0.0675, kilometers
The theoretical sum of the spherical triangulations exceeds 180 degrees by an amount equal to the _____ of the triangle divided by the product of the square of the mean radius of the earth and the ______ of one second.
a. Perimeter, cosine
b. Perimeter, sine
c. Area, cosine
d. Area, sine
d. Area, sine
________ is the science which treats of the determination of …….. And figure of the earth.
Geodesy