Extra Animal Transport

Question 1

What are the two types of double circulation?

Answer 1

Pulmonary circulation (lungs) and systemic circulation (body)

Question 2

What is the function of the capillaries?

Answer 2

The site of gas exchange and tissue fluid formation

Question 3

What is the function of the coronary artery?

Answer 3

Supplies the heart muscle with oxygen

Question 4

What are the walls of the heart made of?

Answer 4

Cardiac muscle

Question 5

What stops the valves turning inside out?

Answer 5

chordae tendineae

Question 6

Describe the steps in the cardiac cycle.

Answer 6

1. Atrium fill with blood, increasing the pressure 2. Valves open 3. Atrial systole 4. Ventricles contract from the apex up, increasing the pressure 5. Atria relax so valves close 6. Semi valves open 7. Ventricles relax and valves close

Question 7

Describe the steps in the electrical control of the heart.

Answer 7

1. SAN initiates electrical impulse 2. Atrial systole 3. Spread stopped to ventricles 4. AVN delays 5. Bundle of His 6. Purkinje fibres from bottom up 7. Ventricular systole

Question 8

What shape is the oxygen dissociation curve?

Answer 8

Sigmoid

Question 9

When blood leaves the alveoli how saturated is it?

Answer 9

Fully saturated

Question 10

What is the function of myoglobin?

Answer 10

Is found in the muscles and it acts as an energy store

Question 11

What happens if the lymphatic drainage is damaged?

Answer 11

Swelling

Question 12

Why does the hydrostatic pressure decrease along a capillary?

Answer 12

Pores so fluid leaks out, further from heart, higher cross sectional area, friction with walls