Extra A+P Flashcards
What are the 5 types of strength?
Maximum Static Endurance Dynamic Elastic
Define maximum strength
Max force the neuromuscular system can exert in one voluntary contraction
Define static strength
The force exerted by the neuromuscular system while the muscle length remains constant
Define strength endurance
Ability of a muscle to sustain or withstand repeated contractions
Define dynamic strength
Ability of the neuromuscular system to overcome a resistance with high speed of contraction
Define elastic strength
Ability to expand a maximal amount of energy in one or a series of high intensity movements
Test for max strength?
Hand grip dynermometer
Test for strength endurance?
Abdominal curl test
Test for elastic strength?
Vertical jump
Test for dynamic strength?
Wingate cycle test
Factors that affect strength?
Cross sectional area
Fibre type
Gender
Age
Define static flexibility
Range of movement at a joint without reference to the speed and movement
Define dynamic flexibility
The range of movement at a joint with reference to speed and movement
Factors affecting flexibility?
Joint type
Length and elasticity of connective tissue
Gender
Age
Why does joint type affect flexibility?
Ball and socket joints have a larger range of movement than hinge joints
Why does length and elasticity affect felexiblity?
The greater the length and elasticity the greater the range of motion on the joint because shorter connective tissue has a smaller distance before the joint reflex
How does gender affect flexibility?
Females are generally more flexible than males as they have more oestrogen and relaxin
How does age affect flexibility?
Declines with age because the connective tissue loses elasticity
Types of flexibility training?
Goniometry
Sit and reach test
What are the structural adaptations of flexibility training?
Increased muscle length and connective tissue length
Increase in elasticity
Functional affects of increased muscle length and connective tissue length?
Increased range of movement about a joint
Functional effects of increased elasticity?
Increased potential for static and dynamic flexibility
Define aerobic capacity
Ability of the the body to inspire, transport and untilise O2 to preform sustained periods of aerobic activity
Define V02 max
Max amount of O2 inspired, transported and utilised per minute during exercise
