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Nutri > Extra > Flashcards

Extra Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

A

To break down food into nutrients for the body.

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2
Q

True or False: The mouth is the first organ involved in digestion.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The enzyme ___ in saliva begins the breakdown of carbohydrates.

A

amylase

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4
Q

What is the role of the stomach in digestion?

A

To further break down food using acid and enzymes.

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5
Q

Which organ is responsible for nutrient absorption?

A

Small intestine

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6
Q

What is the function of bile in digestion?

A

To emulsify fats.

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7
Q

True or False: The pancreas produces insulin only.

A

False

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8
Q

What are the three main parts of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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9
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a part of the digestive system? A) Esophagus B) Liver C) Kidney D) Stomach

A

C) Kidney

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10
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

The wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is responsible for producing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate.

A

pancreas

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12
Q

True or False: The large intestine is mainly involved in nutrient absorption.

A

False

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13
Q

What is the main purpose of the large intestine?

A

To absorb water and form feces.

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14
Q

What type of digestion occurs in the mouth?

A

Mechanical and chemical digestion.

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach.

A

esophagus

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16
Q

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for detoxifying chemicals?

A

Liver

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17
Q

True or False: The stomach has a pH level that is neutral.

A

False

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18
Q

What is the role of gastric acid?

A

To break down food and kill bacteria.

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19
Q

What are villi?

A

Small, finger-like projections that increase surface area for absorption in the small intestine.

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20
Q

Multiple Choice: Which enzyme breaks down proteins in the stomach? A) Amylase B) Pepsin C) Lactase D) Sucrase

A

B) Pepsin

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ stores bile until it is needed for digestion.

A

gallbladder

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22
Q

What is the function of the rectum?

A

To store feces before elimination.

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23
Q

True or False: Digestion begins in the stomach.

A

False

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24
Q

What is the primary function of the salivary glands?

A

To produce saliva, which contains enzymes for digestion.

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25
Q

Fill in the blank: ___ is the process of breaking down food into smaller components.

A

Digestion

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26
Q

What are the two types of digestion?

A

Mechanical and chemical digestion.

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27
Q

True or False: The pancreas plays a role in both digestion and blood sugar regulation.

A

True

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28
Q

What is the main function of the esophagus?

A

To transport food from the mouth to the stomach.

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29
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is a flap that prevents food from entering the trachea.

A

epiglottis

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30
Q

What are the main components of bile?

A

Bile salts, bilirubin, cholesterol, and electrolytes.

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31
Q

Multiple Choice: Which vitamin is primarily absorbed in the large intestine? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin D C) Vitamin K D) Vitamin C

A

C) Vitamin K

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32
Q

What is the role of intestinal flora?

A

To aid in digestion and synthesize certain vitamins.

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33
Q

True or False: The small intestine is shorter than the large intestine.

A

False

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34
Q

What is chyme?

A

The semi-liquid mass of partially digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine.

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35
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ secretes hormones that regulate digestion.

36
Q

What is the primary role of the liver in digestion?

A

To produce bile and process nutrients.

37
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for water absorption? A) Small intestine B) Stomach C) Large intestine D) Esophagus

A

C) Large intestine

38
Q

What hormone stimulates the release of gastric acid?

39
Q

True or False: Digestion is only a mechanical process.

40
Q

What is the role of the mucosa in the digestive tract?

A

To secrete mucus and enzymes and absorb nutrients.

41
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is the final section of the large intestine.

42
Q

What is the function of enzymes in digestion?

A

To catalyze the breakdown of macromolecules into smaller units.

43
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of the digestive system? A) Gas exchange B) Nutrient absorption C) Hormone production D) All of the above

A

B) Nutrient absorption

44
Q

What is the role of the gallbladder?

A

To store and concentrate bile.

45
Q

True or False: The digestive system is responsible for the elimination of waste.

46
Q

What is the primary source of energy for the body obtained through digestion?

47
Q

Fill in the blank: ___ is the main site for the absorption of nutrients.

A

Small intestine

48
Q

What is the function of the sphincters in the digestive system?

A

To control the passage of food and waste between different sections.

49
Q

Multiple Choice: Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down fats? A) Amylase B) Lipase C) Pepsin D) Trypsin

50
Q

What is the primary role of the colon?

A

To absorb remaining water and electrolytes from indigestible food.

51
Q

True or False: The digestive process is entirely voluntary.

52
Q

What are the main layers of the digestive tract?

A

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.

53
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is the largest internal organ in the body.

54
Q

What is the function of the duodenum?

A

To receive chyme from the stomach and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.

55
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system is primarily involved in the digestion of carbohydrates? A) Stomach B) Mouth C) Large intestine D) Gallbladder

56
Q

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

A

To digest food and absorb nutrients.

57
Q

True or False: The digestive system includes both the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs.

58
Q

What is the function of lactase?

A

To break down lactose into glucose and galactose.

59
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is the first part of the large intestine.

60
Q

What is the primary component of gastric juice?

A

Hydrochloric acid

61
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a function of the liver? A) Producing bile B) Detoxifying blood C) Storing glucose D) Absorbing nutrients

A

D) Absorbing nutrients

62
Q

What is the term for the wave-like movement that propels food through the digestive tract?

A

Peristalsis

63
Q

True or False: Fats are digested primarily in the stomach.

64
Q

What is the primary role of the pancreas in digestion?

A

To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate.

65
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ helps to regulate the pH of the small intestine.

A

pancreatic juice

66
Q

What is the main purpose of chewing food?

A

To mechanically break it down and mix it with saliva.

67
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following organs is primarily responsible for detoxification? A) Stomach B) Liver C) Pancreas D) Gallbladder

68
Q

What is the function of the hepatic portal vein?

A

To transport nutrient-rich blood from the intestines to the liver.

69
Q

True or False: The small intestine has a larger surface area than the large intestine.

70
Q

What is the main function of the salivary glands?

A

To produce saliva which contains enzymes to initiate digestion.

71
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is responsible for the final digestion and absorption of nutrients.

A

small intestine

72
Q

What is the primary role of fiber in the diet?

A

To aid in digestion and promote bowel health.

73
Q

Multiple Choice: Which digestive organ is responsible for storing bile? A) Liver B) Gallbladder C) Pancreas D) Stomach

A

B) Gallbladder

74
Q

What is the role of the appendix?

A

Its function is not entirely clear, but it may play a role in gut flora maintenance.

75
Q

True or False: The gastrointestinal tract is about 30 feet long in adults.

76
Q

What is the primary function of the digestive enzymes?

A

To break down macromolecules into absorbable units.

77
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ regulates the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine.

A

pyloric sphincter

78
Q

What is the function of the gastric mucosa?

A

To produce mucus that protects the stomach lining.

79
Q

Multiple Choice: Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starches? A) Pepsin B) Amylase C) Lipase D) Trypsin

A

B) Amylase

80
Q

True or False: The digestive system does not play a role in the immune system.

81
Q

What is the role of the intestinal wall?

A

To facilitate the absorption of nutrients and water.

82
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is the last part of the digestive system where waste is expelled.

83
Q

What is the primary cause of heartburn?

A

Acid reflux from the stomach into the esophagus.

84
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system is primarily involved in the absorption of water? A) Small intestine B) Stomach C) Large intestine D) Esophagus

A

C) Large intestine

85
Q

What is the primary role of the digestive system?

A

To convert food into energy and nutrients for the body.

86
Q

True or False: Nutrient absorption occurs in the large intestine.

Nutri (9 decks)

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