External resources MCQ Flashcards
What is the most common type of stroke?
1.Ischemic
2.Hemorrhage
3.Aneurysmal rupture
4.Pulmonary embolism
5.Amniotic fluid embolism
Ischemic
What is the most common cause of focal cerebral ischemia?
1.Vasculitis of the middle cerebral artery
2. Traumatic brain injury
3. Acute hypotension
4. Atherosclerosis
5. Alzheimer disease
- Atherosclerosis
Which of the following is the most likely cause of global cerebral ischemia?
1.Lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels
2.Embolization of the internal carotid artery
3.Atherosclerosis of the middle meningeal artery
4.Hypotension resulting from acute blood loss
5.Pulmonary thromboembolism
.Hypotension resulting from acute blood loss
Which of these is the most significant risk factor for ischemic stroke?
History of aspirin use
Alzheimer disease
Alcohol abuse
Diabetes
Sickle cell disease
Diabetes
Which of these is the most significant risk factor for ischemic stroke?
History of aspirin use
Alzheimer disease
Alcohol abuse
Diabetes
Sickle cell disease
Diabetes
What is a genetic condition that may increase a patient’s risk for ischemic stroke?
BRCA1
Protein C deficiency
Hemophilia
Major depressive disorder
Cystic fibrosis
Protein C deficiency
What is one of the causes of a hypercoagulable state that can increase the risk of stroke?
Hypertension
Diabetes
Atrial fibrillation
Oral contraceptives
Von Willebrand disease (VWD)
Oral contraceptives
1., estrogen in the OCs increases the production of clotting factors such as factor VII, VIII, and X, as well as fibrinogen,
2. OCs decrease the production of antithrombin III and protein S, which are natural anticoagulants that help to prevent blood clots from forming
3.OCs can also affect the structure and function of blood vessels,
What is the most common site for the formation of a thrombus that could lead to focal cerebral ischemia?
Origin of the middle cerebellar artery
Posterior cerebral artery
Bifurcation of the carotid artery
Vertebral artery
Anterior cerebral artery
Bifurcation of the carotid artery
How does atrial fibrillation increase the risk of stroke?
A. Rapid heart rate can lead to hypotension, causing a stroke.
B. Inflammation of the blood vessels occurs with atrial fibrillation, resulting in a stroke.
C. Atrial fibrillation can cause hypertension, leading to a stroke.
D. Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of bleeding and can cause a hemorrhagic stroke.
E. Thrombi can form in the left atrial appendage and then embolize into the cerebral circulation, causing a stroke.
E. Thrombi can form in the left atrial appendage and then embolize into the cerebral circulation, causing a stroke.
What is a cause of a focal ischemic stroke due to inflammation of a blood vessel?
Hypertension
Heart valve disease
Temporal arteritis
Diabetes
Atrial fibrillation
Temporal arteritis
A stroke caused by a middle cerebral artery occlusion can cause Wernicke aphasia, resulting in…
A. …difficulty in speaking due to loss of tongue sensation, resulting in garbled speech.
B…dementia, causing nonsensical speech.
C..fluent but nonsensical speech due to impaired comprehension.
D…difficulty in hearing what is asked, resulting in impaired responses to questions.
E…difficulty in moving one’s mouth in order to speak due to loss of facial motor function.
C….fluent but nonsensical speech due to impaired comprehension.
Which type of ischemic stroke is seen with a lacunar infarct in the internal capsule?
A. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) syndrome on the contralateral side
B. Anterior cerebral artery (ACA) syndrome on the ipsilateral side
C. Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) syndrome on the ipsilateral side
D. Pure sensory hemiplegia on the ipsilateral side
E. Pure motor hemiplegia on the contralateral side
Pure motor hemiplegia on the contralateral side
What is the most common presentation in a patient with a posterior cerebral artery (PCA) infarct?
Acute loss of hearing
Right-sided hemiparesis
Dysphagia
Left-sided hemiparesis
Homonymous hemianopsia
Homonymous hemianopsia
A patient presents with lower extremity weakness, sensory loss, limb apraxia, and incontinence. Where is the most likely site of the lesion?
Posterior cerebral artery (PCA)
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
Superior cerebellar artery (SCA)
Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) syndrome affecting the contralateral side
Pure sensory stroke on the ipsilateral side
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) occlusion syndrome affecting the ipsilateral side
Pure motor hemiplegia on the contralateral side
Wallenberg syndrome
Pure motor hemiplegia on the contralateral side
