External Presuure In The 1980's Flashcards
What were two anti apartheid movements overseas
The anti-apartheid movement in Britain’s and the Irish anti-apartheid movement (IAAM)
Who founded the anti- apartheid movement in britain
Ordinary people
Who founded the Irish branch of the AAM
Kadar Asmal
What did the AMM’s call for
The isolation of SA
What were the economic boycotts
Consumer boycotts against SA
Increasing callers for disinvestment: boycott Barclays until it pulls out
International trade unions built solidarity with FOSATU and COSATU
What were the sporting boycotts
Banned from olympics
Matches cancelled becomes of demonstrations
Gleneagles agreement
Cultural boycotts
- British musicians and actors refused to perform in SA or allow their work to be sold or seen there
- British screenwriters guild refused to allow any british films in SA
- release Mandela campaign= Mandela was seem as a figurehead of struggle
Academic boycotts
- SA students and academics didn’t have access to international research paper.
- No visiting lectures came to SA: academic isolation
What was the Gleneagles Agreement
No commonwealth countries would play sport against SA
What happened in the release Mandela campaign
Rock-concerts, posters, slogans and t-shirts keep legacy and determination alive
How was the USA an external pressure
- denied access to SA airways
- stoped the import of SA goods
- companies pull out
What was the influence of the ANC in exile
- Headquarters in Zambia
- Tambo, Slovenia and Mbeki met other world leaders
- UN accepted ANC as rightful leaders of SA
Frontline states
- could not put direct pressure on SA as they were economically dependant
- invited ANC and PAC to set up military camps within borders
- SADF reacted with cross border raids and constant attempts to destabilise the government
Why did the USA and Britain not put too much pressure on the SA apartheid government
They feared its collapse would lead to a communist takeover