External Factors- Boys Underachievement

Question 1

What are the key points put forward for boys?

Answer 1

Primary socialisation
Socialisation
Peer pressure
Crisis of masculinity.

Question 2

What is primary socialisation?

Answer 2

Edward’s and David- argue that boys mature very slowly than girls- family encourages boys to be more boastful and attention seeking. This leads to lack of concentration in classrooms parents tend to focus less to boys.

Question 3

What is socialisation?

Answer 3

Burns and bracey- found that socialisation of books may read to over confidence boys and surprised they failed their exams no lack of effort.

Question 4

What is peer pressure?

Answer 4

Frosh(2010) - found that boys behaviour is often shaped by peers. He found that boys disregarded school work as ‘feminine’ and ‘unmanly’ they engaged in hyper masculine behaviour.

Question 5

What is crisis of masculinity?

Answer 5

Mac and grail- argue working class boys feel unlikely to own traditional roles of breadwinner. He seems globalisation heads declined British identity meaning fewer job opportunities for males.

Question 6

What is criticism of boys failure?

Answer 6

Globalisation- has mainly affected manual jobs
Gender differences- have narrowed in years
Example - middle class boys do better than working class girls.