EXPT 7 - Carbohydrates (Polysaccharides)

Question 1

are complex carbohydrates. They are composed of countless glucose units combined through the loss of molecules of water.

Answer 1

Polysaccharides

Question 2

yield simple sugars and sugar derivatives upon hydrolysis

Answer 2

Polysaccharides

Question 3

classification of polysaccharides

Answer 3

homopolysaccharides
heteropolysaccharides

Question 4

formula of starch

Answer 4

(C6H10O5)x

Question 5

The simple glucose molecules have a bond between the 1 carbon in the ring and the 4 carbon in the ring.

Answer 5

amylose

Question 6

the 1 carbon in the ring and the 4 carbon in the ring in amylose in joined by an ____________

Answer 6

oxygen

Question 7

is another component of starch and it also consists entirely of repeating chains of glucose. It is different from amylose because it has two different types of linkages between the glucose subunits

Answer 7

amylopectin

Question 8

formula of inulin

Answer 8

(C6H10O5)x

Question 9

Found in bulb of onions and garlic and yields fructose upon hydrolysis of either acid or the enzyme inulase (fructosan)

Answer 9

inulin

Question 10

formula of glycogen

Answer 10

(C6H10O5)x

Question 11

Animal starch, found mostly in liver as storage material and in the muscles as source of energy

Answer 11

glycogen

Question 12

enzymatic hydrolysis of glycogen yields ______________

Answer 12

maltose

Question 13

acid hydrolysis in glycogen yields

Answer 13

glucose

Question 14

the most abundant organic compound, making around 50% or more of the carbon vegetation; forms the supporting tissues of plants

Answer 14

cellulose

Question 15

Cellulose yield disaccharide ____________ upon partial hydrolysis

Answer 15

cellobiose

Question 16

70% sulfuric acid converts cellulose into a __________________ ___________.

Answer 16

vegetable parchment

Question 17

cellulose forms ____________________ with strong nitric acid and conc. sulfuric acid

Answer 17

nitrocellulose

Question 18

group of carbohydrates that are hydrolyzed upon boiling with mineral acids

Answer 18

hemicellulose

Question 19

yield pentoses and hexoses upon hydrolysis

Answer 19

hemicellulose

Question 20

hemicellulose is classified into

Answer 20

pentosans, hexosans, and hexo-pentosans

Question 21

liberates pentose on hydrolysis

Answer 21

pentosans

Question 22

liberate hexoses on hydrolysis

Answer 22

hexosans

Question 23

represented by pectins which are colloidal carbohydrates and are responsible for jellying properties of fruits

Answer 23

hexo-pentosans

Question 24

Yields mixtures of monosaccharides and derived products

Answer 24

Heteropolysaccharides

Question 25

the color starch yields with iodine

Answer 25

blue/blue-black

Question 26

the color amylodextrin yields with iodine

Answer 26

purple

Question 27

the color erythrodextrin yields with iodine

Answer 27

red

Question 28

the color achrodextrin yields with iodine

Answer 28

Colorless (same color as the I2 sol’n)

Question 29

the color glycogen/amylopectin yields with iodine

Answer 29

reddish brown/brownish