EXPT 4 - Precipitation, Denaturation, and Coagulation of Proteins Flashcards
is the unfolding of the complex secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure of proteins.
Denaturation
unfolded molecule will return to its native form when conditions become favorable in a process called
renaturation, refolding, or annealing
TRUE OR FALSE
Denaturation is a reversible process.
TRUE
renders the protein insoluble at isoelectric point, causing it to precipitate
Flocculation
is the simple clumping together of dispersed chains of denatured protein
Flocculation
when heated further, the clumped chains become matter together in a mass which is insoluble
Coagulation
Give at least three denaturing agents of proteins.
-Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS)/Soaps or Detergents
-Guanidium hydrochloride (Urea)
-B-mercaptoethanol
-Heavy Metal Ions
-Alcohols
-Acids or Bases
-Alkaloidal reagents
disrupts hydrophobic interactions, if charged, it can disrupt electrostatic interactions; disrupts disulfide bridges
B-mercaptoethanol (HS-CH2-CH2-OH)
combines with positively
charged proteins and disrupts electrostatic interactions
Alkaloidal reagents
split salt linkages by ionizing the carboxylic group, and alcohol denatures the protein by disrupting the hydrogen bonds.
strong acids
process of leather production by coating animal skins with tannic acid
tanning
are used as antiseptic and germicides by precipitating bacterial proteins.
Metallic salts
The use of silver nitrate for _____________ of wounds and ulcers depends upon its property of precipitating tissue proteins.
cauterization
Which has greater germicidal effect, pure alcohol (95%) or 70% alcohol?
70% alcohol has a greater germicidal effect. When allowed to stand in alcohol, proteins undergo irreversible change and is coagulated. This is taken advantage of in fixing of tissues for histological examination.
antidotes used in metallic poisoning which form insoluble precipitate that can be removed subsequently by means of a stomach tube
egg white and milk
A decrease in the quantity of proteins in the blood.
Hypoproteinemia
Hypoproteinemia is caused by the following except;
a) excessive loss of serum proteins as with chronic renal disease
b) inadequate protein intake as with starvation or malnutrition
c) impaired protein production
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
The presence of protein in the urine.
Proteinuria
The presence of protein in the urine (proteinuria) may indicate the presence of damage to the ____________.
kidneys
The presence of serum albumin, serum globulin or other serum proteins in the urine. This may be associated with kidney or heart disease, and may occur after strenuous exercise or after a long period of standing.
Albuminuria
or breaking down of starch into simple sugars
hydrolysis
