EXPT 5 - Enzymes Flashcards
are proteins that act as biological catalyst by reducing the activation energy of a chemical reaction
Enzymes
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into simple sugars.
amylase
common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen
catalase
a mixture of several digestive enzymes produced by the exocrine cells of the pancreas.
pancreatin
Pancreatin is a mixture of several digestive enzymes. What are these?
amylase
lipase
protease
In the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, what is the role of sodium sulfide?
Inhibitor
Decomposition of Hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed by catalase but not the sodium sulfide for it is an INHIBITOR.
Catalase achieves decomposition through two-steps. What are these steps?
- Binding: H2O2 molecules bind to active site of the catalase enzyme
- Catalysis: The enzyme facilitates the transfer of electros from one Hydrogen peroxide to another, resulting in the formation of water and oxygen
What do you call an optimal temperature at which an enzyme functions most, is stable and its catalytic activity is maximized.
Goldilocks zone/Optimal Temperature
the enzyme catalytic activity is slowed down, because the molecules have less kinetic energy, leading to fewer collisions and slower reaction rates.
Below temperature
enzyme activity increases, but then rapidly decreases due to high temperature causing the enzyme’s structure to denature and loses shape and function.
Above temperature
Give the substrate and inhibitor of catalase.
Substrate - Hydrogen peroxide
Inhibitor - Sodium sulfide
Give the substrate and inhibitor of amylase.
Substrate - Starch
Inhibitor - etOH + heat
Give the substrate and inhibitor of pancreatin.
Substrate - Starch
Inhibitor - Somatosatin
Give the substrate and inhibitor of lipase.
Substrate - Triglycerides
Inhibitor - Orlistat, tetrahydrolipstatin (THL)
Give the substrate and inhibitor of protease.
Substrate - proteins
Inhibitor - aprotinin
